Swipe the screen's face changing software, a fire to die?

编辑：黎明

Editor: Dawn

"蚂蚁，嘿，蚂蚁，啊，哈，哈，哈……"2021年元宵节，一个带有名人头像摇摆效应的老年BGM，在朋友圈和tiktok的声音中大行其道。

"Ant, hey, ant, ah, ha, ha, ha..." on 2021, Lantern Festival, an old age BGM, with the swinging head effects of celebrity celebrities, became popular in the circle of friends and the voice of tiktok.

触发这种惊人效果的是一款名为avatarify的外国"变脸"软件。只要你上传一张照片，你就可以让任何人"嘿，蚂蚁"。自助餐、麝香、马云、雷军和比尔盖茨都是用来取笑和娱乐公众的。

What triggers this phenomenal effect is a foreign "face changing" software called avatarify. As long as you upload a photo, you can let anyone "Hey, ants". Buffet, musk, Ma Yun, Lei Jun and bill gates are all used to tease and entertain the public.

这个软件生在无聊中，生在恶作剧中。多位产品研发人士告诉申然，这类软件的技术含量并不高，能否继续留住用户，需要围绕核心功能不断开发产品形态，拓展产品环节。

This software is born in boredom, red in mischief. A number of product and development personages told shenran that the technical content of this kind of software is not high, and whether it can continue to retain users needs to constantly develop product forms and expand product links around core functions.

此外，变脸软件在中国也不是第一次流行。由于平台材料的版权问题和用户隐私的安全问题，一夜之间风靡一时的Momo变脸软件Zao终于上演了"被用户撑住，摔得重"和"流行三天"的命运。对于改头换面的软件，隐私和安全风险也会随之而来。

In addition, it's not the first time that face changing software has become popular in China. Due to the copyright problems of platform materials and the security problems of users' privacy, Zao, a Momo face changing software that was also popular overnight, finally staged the fate of "being held up by users, falling heavily" and "being popular for three days". For face changing software, the risks of privacy and security will follow.

一位人工智能领域的企业家告诉申然，现在已经不是一个吸引新人才的时代。Avatarify要么将其受欢迎的产品打磨成可复制和可扩展的功能，要么很快被遗忘，这将取决于公司和团队的整体运营能力。

An entrepreneur in the AI field told shenran that it is no longer an era of attracting new talents. Avatarify will either Polish its popular products into replicable and scaleable capabilities or be quickly forgotten, which will depend on the overall operational capabilities of the company and the team.

什么是化身？

What's avatarrify?

2021年2月26日晚上10点，tiktok被打开并搜索蚂蚁。嘿，"四个字，10亿2.8亿视频下的相关话题视频。今年元宵节，全民的娱乐热情都被赋予了这款名为avatarify的软件。

At 10 pm on February 26, 2021, tiktok was opened and searched for ants. Hey, "four words, 1 billion 280 million videos of the videos under the relevant topics. This lantern festival, the entertainment enthusiasm of the whole people have been given to this software called avatarify.

这个应用程序有多流行？2月26日，桂蒂托克使用苹果应用商店摄影和视频分类软件，在免费应用列表中排名第一。目前，该软件的评分为4.9分，已获得2.6万次评价。

How popular is this app? In February 26th, Kwai tiktok was ranked first in the free APP list by using apple APP Store photography and video classification software. At present, the score of this software is 4.9, and it has received 26000 evaluations.

与热有关的充满活力的话题首先是tiktok Avatarify，其次是摄影和视频分类

Vibrant topics related to heat are tiktok Avatarify first and photography and video classification first

蒂克托克、马云、雷军、李开复、巴菲特。。。在抖音上，蔡卓妍、任贤齐、曹颖、朱紫霄等明星也纷纷效仿tiktok，并在自己官方的抖音账号中，他们可以"捉蚂蚁的嘿"，将APP热推向一个新的高度。

Tiktok, Ma Yun, Lei Jun, Li Kaifu, Buffett... On the shaking voice, Chariene Choi, Richie Ren, Ying Cao, Zhu Zixiao and other stars also follow suit tiktok, and in their own official account of the trembling voice, they can "catch the ants' Hey", and bring the APP fever to a new height.

名人效仿，使用ant-hey-tiktok/颤音

Celebrities follow suit, use ant ant hey tiktok / vibrato

据苹果app store中avatarify的介绍，这款软件的功能是"让你成为你想成为的任何人"、"逗老板和同事"、"让宠物说话"等，具体玩法并不复杂——上传一张人脸照片，进入特效页面，就可以让照片中的人唱歌、眨眼等动作。

According to the introduction of avatarify in Apple's app store, the function of this software is to "make you become anyone you want to be", "tease boss and colleagues", "let pets talk", etc. Specific play is not complicated - upload a face photo, enter the special effects page, you can make the people in the photo sing, wink and other actions.

如何使用avatarify源码/官网截图

How to use avatarify source / official website screenshot

不过，目前这款软件只支持苹果手机的下载，Android用户只能默默地看着这趟潮流列车经过。

However, at present, this software only supports the download of Apple mobile phone, and Android users can only watch this trend train pass by silently.

深度燃烧下载阿凡达并体验了特效的发挥。一旦打开软件，就会有一个按钮引导用户上传照片。上传后，可以选择特效。目前特效有50种，大多是欧美流行歌曲，如Queen的《我们要摇滚你》、披头士的《让它成为》和hot ant的《Mai ha Hi》。选择特效后，需要选择图像质量。有两种选择：高清晰度和标准清晰度。选择后，会生成特效，用户可以下载分享。

Deep burning downloaded avatarify and experienced the play of the special effect. As soon as you open the software, there is a button to guide users to upload photos. After uploading, you can choose special effects. At present, there are 50 kinds of special effects, most of which are European and American pop songs, such as "we will rock you" by Queen, "let it be" by Beatles and "Mai ha Hi" by hot ant. After selecting the special effects, you need to choose the image quality. There are two options: high definition and standard definition. After the selection, the special effects are generated, and users can download and share them.

《阿凡达》截图

Screenshot of avatarify

这些特效的神奇之处在于它们的表情被夸大了。上传自己或名人的照片后，他们可以产生超出人们普通印象的表情。比如，古板的硅谷大亨在被这种特效使用后，会变得特别俏皮，形成一种反差萌芽。

The magic of these special effects is that their expressions are exaggerated. After uploading photos of themselves or celebrities, they can generate expressions beyond people's ordinary impression. For example, the unsophisticated Silicon Valley tycoon will become particularly playful after being used with this special effect, forming a kind of contrast sprout.

这个软件是在无聊中诞生的，在神奇的恶搞中变红的。据vice2020今年4月的报道，在疫情期间，该软件在国外已小范围着火。受流行病影响，许多人被迫在家工作。一位名叫阿里·阿利耶夫的程序员认为整天在家里开视频会议很无聊，于是他决定用人工智能变脸，取笑同事。

This software is born in boredom, red in magic spoof. According to the report of vice2020 in April, during the epidemic period, this software has caught fire in a small scale in foreign countries. Affected by the epidemic, many people were forced to work from home. A programmer named Ali Aliev thought it boring to hold video conference at home all day, so he decided to use AI to change his face and tease his colleagues.

Vice详细描述了avatarify在国外流行的起源/vice.com网站

Vice described in detail the origin of avatarify's popularity abroad/ vice.com

在与一位同事的视频通话中，阿里·阿利耶夫用avatarify软件用特斯拉（Tesla）创始人马斯克（musk）代替她的虚拟形象，假装进错了会议室。这段恶搞视频在youtube上发表后，受到了网友的热烈欢迎。后来，程序员开发了变脸应用程序并将其打开（在GitHub上共享供公众使用）。后来，出现了avatarify应用程序的版本。

In a video call with a colleague, Ali Aliev uses avatarify software to replace her avatar with Tesla founder musk, pretending to go into the wrong conference room. After the spoof video was published on youtube, it was warmly welcomed by netizens. Later, the programmer developed the face changing app and opened it up (shared on GitHub for public use). Later, there was the version of avatarify app.

一场火灾会杀死你吗？

A fire will kill you?

凭借变脸的特效，《阿凡达》展现了"吃"遍天下的特点，但它能"吃"多久？

With the special effect of face changing, avatarify shows the characteristics of "eating" all over the world, but how long can it "eat"?

多位产品开发人士告诉深圳燃料，这类软件的技术含量不高。从事人工智能工作的应用程序开发人员Kim说，这款软件的技术门槛主要是图像生成的模式。Avatarify采用了一种深度学习模型GaN（generativeconference network，深度学习模型），对上传的照片进行特征识别后，可以快速生成帧序列。其成本主要体现在GPU的计算能力上。

A number of product and development personages told Shenzhen fuel that the technical content of this kind of software is not high. Kim, an app developer engaged in AI work, said that the technical threshold of this software is mainly the model of image generation. Avatarify uses one of GaN (generative confrontation network, a deep learning model), which can quickly generate frame sequence after feature recognition of uploaded photos. The cost is mainly in the computing power of GPU.

高级产品经理向生然法官对这一产品的前景表示担忧："有很多开源解决方案能使这一特效产生，而且门槛不高。"。在他看来，对于用户来说，娱乐软件是个新鲜事物。为了让用户保持活力，他们需要在游戏方式上进行创新。如果只有一种玩法，用户跟风后很快就会被抛弃。

"There are many open source solutions to make this special effect, and the threshold is not high," Senior Product Manager judge Xiang shenran expressed concern about the prospect of this product. In his view, for users, entertainment software is a novelty. In order to keep users alive, they need to innovate in the way they play. If there is only one single way to play, users will be quickly abandoned after following suit.

"商业是一个系统的东西，而不是一个吸引各种人才的时代。"人工智能企业家、旭美智能联合创始人王伟南认为，很多初创企业并没有为自己的产品突然走红做好充分准备，而公司在起步阶段还不具备全面把握的能力和资源，因此需要在每个阶段都从战略上把握重点。

"Business is a systematic thing, not an era of attracting all kinds of talents." Wang Weinan, an AI entrepreneur and co-founder of Xumei intelligence, believes that many start-ups are not fully prepared for the sudden popularity of their products, and the company does not have the ability and resources to grasp them in an all-round way in the initial stage, so they need to grasp the focus strategically in each stage.

从目前的信息来看，虚拟现实的实现路径是按周或按年付费的。虽然可以免费下载和使用avatarify，但如果用户想删除水印并增加生成的GIF和视频中的内存，则需要每周支付18元。全年套餐价格253元（有7天免费试用期）。有多少用户愿意为此功能付费，需要打个问号。

From the information we can see at present, the realization path of avatarify is only paid by week or by year. Although it is free to download and use avatarify, users need to pay 18 yuan a week if they want to remove the watermark and increase the memory in the generated GIF and video. The annual package price is 253 yuan (there is a 7-day free trial period). How many users are willing to pay for this feature needs to be marked with a question mark.

Avatarify的收费服务接口

Avatarify's charging service interface

"这个应用的原因是，一旦开始使用，它将在短时间内成为一个大热门。它最终会成为一个应用程序工厂或很快被遗忘，这取决于公司和团队的整体运营能力，"王伟南从企业家的角度判断了《阿凡达》可能的命运。

"The reason for this app is that once it starts to play, it will become a big hit in a short time. It will eventually become an app factory or be quickly forgotten, depending on the overall operation ability of the company and the team." Wang Weinan judged the possible fate of avatarify from the perspective of entrepreneurs.

他认为，如果avatarify有赚钱的能力，它将是avatarify发展成应用程序工厂（使用工厂模式生产应用程序）的更好目的地。由于流量的交易价格非常透明稳定，很容易与大工厂形成稳定的流量交易。如果avatarify能够继续以matrix的方式输出流行的应用程序，前景将更加富有想象力。

He believes that if avatarify has the ability to make money, it will be a better destination for avatarify to develop into an app factory (using factory mode to produce apps). Because the transaction price of traffic is very transparent and stable, it is very easy to form a stable traffic transaction with large factories. If avatarify can continue to output popular app in the way of matrix, the prospect will be more imaginative.

王维南说，运营经验决定了沟通效率和通货能力，通货能力决定了数据的收集和积累，将提供给数据大脑进行判断。pop之后，app操作流程能否尽快朝着数据化、系统化、高效化的方向进行优化，决定了avatarify能走多远。

Wang Weinan said that the operation experience determines the efficiency of communication and pop money, and the pop money ability determines the collection and accumulation of data, which will be provided to the data brain for judgment. After the pop, whether the app operation process can be optimized in the direction of data, systematization and efficiency as soon as possible determines how far avatarify can go.

可能侵犯个人隐私和肖像权

May infringe personal privacy and portrait rights

事实上，变脸软件在中国已经不是第一次使用了。当这类软件流行起来时，总会出现版权、隐私、法律风险等方面的纠纷。

In fact, it's not the first time that face changing software has been used in China. When this kind of software becomes popular, there will always be disputes about copyright, privacy, legal risks and so on.

2019年8月30日，专注于AI变脸的Momo系列产品"Zao"诞生。凭借"只需一张照片，玩转世界"的玩法，Zao一夜之间吸引了众多用户，并迅速跻身苹果应用商店免费总排行榜、免费应用排行榜和免费娱乐排行榜第一。

On August 30, 2019, the Momo series product "Zao", which focuses on AI face changing, was born. With the play method of "just one photo, play in the world", Zao attracted a large number of users overnight and quickly ranked first in Apple App store's free general list, free applications and free entertainment list.

但很明显，赵还没有准备好迎接这场大热。由于即时用户的巨大需求，Zao经历了宕机。2019年8月30日，早报微博称："本月租金700万的服务器，今晚已经消耗了1/3。如果明天继续热下去，我们只能做一些严格的限制。"

But obviously Zao is not ready for this big hit. Due to the huge demand of instantaneous users, Zao has experienced downtime. On August 30, 2019, Zao Weibo said: "the servers that cost 7 million to rent this month have consumed 1 / 3 tonight. If it continues to be hot tomorrow, we can only make some strict restrictions. "

而最致命的是，由于平台材料的版权问题和用户隐私的安全问题，早就大行其道，频频被推翻。最后，Zao被用户"重拾重摔"了三天。

And the most fatal thing is that due to the copyright problem of platform materials and the security of users' privacy, Zao has been popular and has been overturned frequently. Finally, Zao has been "picked up and fallen heavily by users" for three days.

早网上线的第二天下午，其"默认用户协议"引起了社会各界的质疑。根据当时的用户协议，用户需要"同意或确保肖像权人同意授予Zao及其附属公司在全球范围内免费、可撤销、永久、可转授权和可转授权的权利"。一些用户指出，该应用程序收集手机号码和面部图像。一旦隐私被泄露，"罪犯可以为你和家人说话"，他们担心支付软件被盗。

In the afternoon of the second day when Zao went online, its "default user agreement" aroused doubts from all walks of life. According to the user agreement at that time, the user needs to "agree or ensure that the portrait obligee agrees to grant Zao and its affiliated companies the rights of free, revocable, permanent, sublicensable and sublicensable all over the world". Some users pointed out that the app collects mobile phone numbers and facial images. Once the privacy is disclosed, "criminals can talk to your family for you", and they are worried about the theft of payment software.

一张广为流传的用户对Zao用户协议不满的截图

A widely circulated screenshot of users dissatisfied with Zao user protocol

三天之内，赵在App Store的得分从4.6骤降到1.9。当年9月3日，工业和信息化部针对Zao用户隐私协议不规范、数据泄露风险等网络数据安全问题，对Zao运营商进行了约谈。Zao在苹果App Store上的评论显示，Zao现在已经转型为一款软件，可以试穿明星们同样的衣服，但视频无法保存、捕捉或分享。有些用户直接卸载软件。法官说，对于变脸软件来说，隐私和安全的风险将齐头并进。

Within three days, Zao's score in App Store plummeted from 4.6 to 1.9. On September 3 of that year, the Ministry of industry and information technology made an interview with Zao operators in view of the network data security problems such as the nonstandard Zao user privacy agreement and the risk of data leakage. Zao's comments on Apple's App Store show that Zao has now transformed into a software to try on the same clothes of stars, but videos can't be saved, captured or shared. Some users directly uninstall the software. The judge said that for face changing software, the risks of privacy and security will go hand in hand.

Now Zao对苹果应用商店的评价来源/苹果应用商店截图

Now Zao's evaluation source on Apple App Store / screenshot of Apple App Store

在赵本山走红之前，2019年上半年，一段"把朱茵的黄蓉变成杨幂的脸"的视频在网络上迅速走红，这种可以假扮真假的"变脸视频"也开始出现在网络上。

Before Zao became popular, in the first half of 2019, a video of "changing Huang Rong of Zhu Yin into Yang Mi's face" quickly became popular on the Internet, and this kind of "face changing video" that can be fake and real began to appear on the Internet.

这些变脸视频的技术原理与国外深度假货（一种利用深度学习技术在图片和视频中识别和交换人物面部图像的工具）非常相似。只要有足够的图片和视频素材以及一定的硬件支持，深赝品就可以建立算法匹配模型来制作变脸视频。虽然技术门槛大大降低，但其背后的风险一直备受关注。由于"深度假货"涉及色情内容，大量受害者投诉，reddit论坛被迫封杀"深度假货"账号。

The technical principle of these face changing videos is very similar to that of foreign deep fakes (a tool that uses deep learning technology to recognize and exchange the face images of people in pictures and videos). As long as there are enough pictures and video materials and certain hardware support, deep fakes can build algorithm matching model to make face changing videos. Although the threshold of technology has been greatly reduced, the risks behind it have always been concerned. As "deep fakes" involved in erotic content, a large number of victims complained, reddit forum was forced to block the account of "deep fakes".

2020年3月，《江苏工程技术学院学报》发表了一篇题为《人工智能变脸技术的法律风险评估》的文章，总结了这种变脸软件可能存在的法律风险。具体来说，一方面会使个人信息的保护面临困境。肆意滥用个人信息会加剧个人生物信息泄露的风险。另一方面，也可能侵犯公民的名誉权和肖像权。早在2017年12月，通过技术手段，色情电影中的"女主角"就变身为众多好莱坞女星。一时间，以各种女明星为"主角"的色情视频开始出现在各大色情网站和社区。

In March 2020, the Journal of Jiangsu Polytechnic of Engineering published an article entitled "legal risk assessment of AI face changing technology" This paper summarizes the legal risks that may exist in this kind of face changing software. Specifically, on the one hand, it will make the protection of personal information face difficulties. The wanton abuse of personal information will aggravate the risk of disclosure of personal biological information. On the other hand, it may infringe the right of reputation and portrait of citizens. As early as December 2017, through technical means, the "heroines" in pornographic films were transformed into many Hollywood female stars. For a moment, pornographic videos with various female stars as the "protagonists" began to appear in major pornographic websites and communities.

此外，还可能诱发犯罪活动，如以牟取非法利益为目的制作变脸淫秽视频，上传至互联网，甚至销售，可能构成制作、传播、销售淫秽物品牟利罪。

Furthermore, it may induce criminal activities, such as making face changing pornographic videos for the purpose of making illegal profits, uploading them to the Internet or even selling them, which may constitute the crime of making, spreading and selling pornographic materials for profit.

刚刚走红的《阿凡达》未来也需要面对这些问题。它能否妥善处理这些问题决定了它能走多远。

Avatarify, which has just become popular, also needs to face these problems in the future. Whether it can handle them properly determines how far it can go.

*标题来自《阿凡达》。

*The title is from avatarify.

Link：https://new.qq.com/omn/20210227/20210227A02CMO00.html

update time：2021-02-27 18:27:06