Q Theory: what does it mean for China's first space station to launch the "Tianhe" core module?

国际空间站已经走到了生命的尽头，这凸显了中国空间站的价值。天一研究院CTO任维佳给予了非常高的评价。他认为，天河号成功入轨标志着中国将在未来十年乃至更长时间内成为推动大规模空间科学研究的旗手。中国空间站也将是未来十年唯一的大型综合性空间科学装置。

The international space station is at the end of its life, which highlights the value of China's space station. Ren Weijia, CTO of Tianyi Research Institute, gave a very high evaluation. He believed that the successful entry of Tianhe into orbit marks that China will become the standard bearer of promoting large-scale space science research in the next decade or more. The Chinese space station will also be the only large-scale comprehensive space science device in the next decade.

在当前的"你问我答"中，我们邀请业内人士与朋友共同探讨。

In the current "you ask me answer", we invite people in the industry to discuss with friends.

天河核心舱：更大、更重、更功能、更重要

Tianhe core Cabin: larger, heavier, more functional and more important

@韩大阳（国家空间天气监测预警中心工程师）

@Han Dayang (engineer, national space weather monitoring and early warning center)

熟悉中国航天工业的人都知道，天宫一号是中国第一个空间实验室。它于2011年9月29日发射升空，已完成与神舟八号、神舟九号、神舟十号飞船的多次交会对接，直至2018年4月2日再次进入大气层。

As everyone familiar with China's aerospace industry knows, Tiangong-1 is China's first space laboratory. It was launched on September 29, 2011, and has completed multiple rendezvous and docking with Shenzhou-8, shenzhou-9, and shenzhou-10 spacecraft until it re enters the atmosphere on April 2, 2018.

天河核心舱是我国最新的在轨空间实验舱。它于2021年4月29日成功发射升空。作为天宫空间站的一部分，也是最重要的第一步。随后，将有"天舟"号货运飞船、神舟号载人飞船、温天、孟天实验舱和巡天光学舱与核心舱多次交会对接，最终形成一个完整的中国空间站，开展一系列空间科学与工程实验。天宫一号包括实验舱和资源舱，全长10.4米，最大直径3.35米，起飞质量8.5吨。它可以为宇航员提供大约15平方米的活动空间。

Tianhe core module is the latest in orbit space experimental module in China. It was successfully launched into space on April 29, 2021. As a part of Tiangong space station, it is also the most important first step. Then, there will be Tianzhou cargo spacecraft, Shenzhou manned spacecraft, Wentian and Mengtian experimental modules and Sky Patrol optical module, which will rendezvous and dock with the core module several times, Finally, a complete Chinese space station will be formed to carry out a series of space science and engineering experiments. Tiangong-1, including the experimental module and resource module, has a total length of 10.4 meters, a maximum diameter of 3.35 meters and a take-off mass of 8.5 tons. It can provide about 15 square meters of activity space for astronauts.

与"前辈"相比，天河核心舱体积更大，组成更为复杂，包括大柱段、小柱段、资源舱、节点舱和后方通道。它全长16.6米，直径4.2米，起飞重量22吨。它能为宇航员提供近50立方米的空间。可以看出，与之前的天宫一号实验舱相比，天河核心舱体积更大、重量更重、功能更强、更重要。

Compared with the "predecessors", Tianhe core module is much larger and more complex in composition, including large column section, small column section, resource module, node module and rear passage. It has a total length of 16.6 meters, a diameter of 4.2 meters and a take-off weight of 22 tons. It can provide nearly 50 cubic meters of space for astronauts. It can be seen that the Tianhe core module is larger, heavier, more functional and more important than the previous Tiangong-1 experimental module.

值得注意的是，天河核心舱有3个对接口和2个泊位，可以连接多个舱和飞船。换言之，中国空间站的建立有赖于天河一号模块的发展。

It is worth noting that the Tianhe core module has three docking ports and two berths, which can connect multiple modules and spacecraft. In other words, the foundation of China's space station depends on the development of Tianhe I module.

空间站将成为中国真正的太空港

The space station will become China's real space port

@从量子到宇宙高朋

@From quantum to universe Gao Peng

天河核心舱成功发射后，将发射两个实验舱，用于组装天宫空间站。天宫空间站成功组装后，我国将拥有空间轨道空间资源长期科学研究和开发的平台，可以长期在空间进行天文观测、地球探测和基础科学研究。

After the successful launch of Tianhe core module, two experimental modules will be launched for the assembly of Tiangong space station. After the Tiangong space station is successfully assembled, China will have a platform for long-term scientific research and development of space resources in space orbit, which can carry out astronomical observation, earth exploration and basic scientific research in space for a long time.

（1） 在天文观测方面，由于人们的参与，空间站可以充分发挥仪器的作用，这将有助于人们更好地探索宇宙奥秘。天宫空间站配备了高能宇宙辐射探测设施，可以探测和研究暗物质粒子，有望用于研究银河系宇宙射线的起源。此外，还将使用自主发射、随天宫飞行的巡天望远镜进行巡天观测。它的视场是哈勃望远镜的300倍，它的主要科学目标是暗能量。天文望远镜可以由宇航员进行升级和维护，非常方便。

(1) In terms of astronomical observation, the space station can give full play to the role of instruments because of the participation of people, which will help people better explore the mysteries of the universe. Tiangong space station is equipped with high-energy cosmic radiation detection facilities, which can detect and study dark matter particles, and is expected to be used to study the origin of cosmic rays in the Milky way. In addition, a Sky Survey Telescope, launched independently and flying with Tiangong, will be used for sky survey observation. Its field of view is 300 times larger than that of Hubble telescope, and its main scientific target is dark energy. The sky survey telescope can be upgraded and maintained by astronauts, which is very convenient.

（2） 在对地观测方面，空间站优于遥感卫星。空间站的航天员可以及时调整遥感器的参数，以获得最佳的观测效果；遥感器等设备也可随时维护升级，使新技术及时应用，节约资金。它可以用来监测地球大气层的质量和预测长期的气候变化。在基础科学研究方面，天宫将在空间生命科学与生物技术、微重力基础物理与流体物理、地球科学、空间天文学等领域开展数千项科学实验，航天材料科学与航天新技术。空间微重力环境为这些学科提供了地球上无法提供的条件，这将极大地促进这些学科的发展。

(2) In the aspect of earth observation, the space station is superior to the remote sensing satellite. The astronauts in the station can adjust the parameters of the remote sensor in time to obtain the best observation effect; Remote sensors and other equipment can also be maintained and upgraded at any time, so that new technology can be applied in time and save money. It can be used to monitor the quality of the earth's atmosphere and forecast climate change in the long run. The development of land resources and the utilization of marine resources will also benefit from it（ 3) In terms of basic scientific research, Tiangong will carry out thousands of scientific experiments in space life science and biotechnology, microgravity basic physics and fluid physics, earth science, space astronomy, space materials science and new aerospace technology. The space microgravity environment provides these disciplines with conditions that cannot be provided on earth, which will greatly promote the development of these disciplines.

（4） 随着空间站的建设和应用，以及在轨补给和维修技术的突破，天宫空间站可能在不久的将来成为我国卫星维修平台和真正的空间港。

(4) With the construction and application of the space station, as well as the breakthrough of in orbit replenishment and maintenance technology, the Tiangong space station may become a satellite maintenance platform and a real space port in China in the near future.

空间站将引领许多领域先进技术的发展

The space station will lead the development of advanced technology in many fields

@苏宁金融研究院高级研究员傅逸夫

@Fu Yifu, senior researcher of Suning Institute of Finance

空间站项目的经济价值非常值得关注。

The economic value of the space station project is very worthy of attention.

据专家介绍，空间站项目的发展将从整个国家产业链的角度，极大地引领和带动航天科学、生命科学、原材料、元器件、智能制造等诸多领域的先进技术发展，发挥不可替代的作用。

According to experts, the development of the space station project will greatly lead and drive the development of advanced technologies in many fields, including space science, life science, raw materials, components, intelligent manufacturing, etc., from the perspective of the whole national industrial chain, playing an irreplaceable role.

事实上，从产业角度看，航天工程一直是一个典型的高技术产业，具有跨学科、技术密集、知识密集等多重属性。它集电子、机械、光学、材料、信息、生物、激光科学和管理于一体，形成了集设计研发、整机及零部件制造、制造及管理维修服务、航天物流、人才培养、展览展示、展览展示等为一体的极为完整的产业体系，钢铁工业、铝工业、钛合金、化工材料、复合材料、数控机床、电子计算机技术等高新技术的集合。

In fact, from the perspective of industry, aerospace engineering has always been a typical high-tech industry with multiple attributes such as interdisciplinary, technology intensive and knowledge intensive. It integrates electronics, machinery, optics, materials, information, biology, laser science and management, and has formed an extremely complete industrial system, including design and R & D, whole machine and parts manufacturing, manufacturing and management Maintenance services, aerospace logistics, personnel training, exhibition Expo, etc. are a collection of high and new technologies such as iron and steel industry, aluminum industry, titanium alloy, chemical materials, composite materials, CNC machine tools and electronic computer technology.

此外，航天工业始终站在人类科学技术的制高点，具有技术的主导作用。许多最早的技术和产品诞生于航空航天领域。同时，航空航天产业是典型的军民融合产业。随着不断的发展和成熟，许多产品和技术可以逐步转为民用，发挥更大的社会价值。

In addition, the aerospace industry has always stood at the commanding height of human science and technology, and has the leading role of technology. Many of the first technologies and products were born in the aerospace field. At the same time, the aerospace industry is a typical civil military integration industry. With the continuous development and maturity, many products and technologies can be gradually converted to civilian use to play a greater social value.

因此，经过后续的技术扩散和产业联动效应，许多新材料和电子产品技术逐渐引入其他制造业，能够显著促进传统制造业的跨越式升级，为国民经济高质量发展注入新动力。

Therefore, after the follow-up technology diffusion and industrial linkage effect, many new materials and electronic product technologies are gradually introduced to other manufacturing industries, which can significantly promote the leapfrog upgrading of traditional manufacturing industry and inject new impetus into the high-quality development of national economy.

空间站将使中国的前沿科学在某些领域处于领先地位

The space station will push China's frontier science into a leading position in some fields

@天一任维佳（天一研究院CTO）

@Tianyi Ren Weijia (CTO of Tianyi Research Institute)

在中国科学院从事载人航天工作十多年，看到天河核心舱的成功发射，我非常激动。

Having worked in the Chinese Academy of Sciences for more than ten years in manned spaceflight, I was very excited to see the successful launch of the Tianhe core module.

众所周知，国际空间站已经到了生命的尽头。"天河"号成功进入轨道，标志着中国事实上将成为未来10年乃至更长时间内推动大规模空间科学研究的旗手。中国空间站也将是未来10年或更长时间内唯一的大型综合空间科学装置。

As we all know, the international space station is at the end of its life. Tianhe's successful entry into orbit marks that China will in fact become the standard bearer of promoting large-scale space science research in the next decade or more. The Chinese space station will also be the only large-scale integrated space science device in the next decade or more.

预计中国空间站将重点开展以下领域的大规模、长期研究：面向未来星际活动的空间生命生态学研究、面向人类直接利益的空间生物制药研究、量子物理/流体/燃烧等科学前沿基础研究，并研究新材料和航天前沿技术，直接服务于行业，大尺度天文观测探索宇宙奥秘。

The Chinese space station is expected to focus on large-scale and long-term research in the following areas: space life ecology research for future interstellar activities, space biopharmaceutical research for the direct benefit of mankind, quantum physics / fluid / combustion and other basic research for the scientific frontier, and Research on new materials and aerospace cutting-edge technologies directly serving the industry, Large scale astronomical observation to explore the mysteries of the universe.

我相信这将推动中国的尖端科学在某些领域处于领先地位！中国航天加油！

I believe it will promote China's cutting-edge science into a leading position in some fields! China Aerospace refueling!

2022年，中国空间站将成为"三室两船"的基本配置

In 2022, China's space station will become the basic configuration with "three rooms and two ships"

@韩大阳（国家空间天气监测预警中心工程师）

@Han Dayang (engineer, national space weather monitoring and early warning center)

随着天河核心舱成功入轨，就在计算机主板安装到位之际，围绕天宫空间站建设，将有密集的发射任务。网友vony7还根据后续任务的关键时间点绘制了地图。

With the successful launch of Tianhe core module into orbit, just as the computer motherboard is installed in place, there will be intensive launch tasks around the construction of Tiangong space station. The netizen vony7 also drew a map according to the key time points of the follow-up tasks.

今年，天舟二号、神舟三号货运飞船和神舟十二号、神舟十三号载人飞船将陆续进入太空与天河核心舱对接，载人航天专用的长征七号、长征二号F运载火箭（成功率100%）将分别完成运输任务。天舟二号和神舟十二号飞船都已抵达发射场。前者将于5月20日发射，后者预计于6月10日进入太空。"天舟二号"货运飞船首先进入太空，并与天河核心舱自动对接，这让人有点感觉，人和马没有先动食物和草，而是为航天员送上了下一阶段任务所需的食物、水和设备等物资。

This year, tianzhou-2 and Shenzhou-3 cargo spaceships and shenzhou-12 and shenzhou-13 manned spaceships will successively enter space to dock with Tianhe core module, and the long march-7 and long march-2f carrier rockets dedicated to manned space (with a success rate of 100%) will respectively complete the transportation tasks. Both tianzhou-2 and shenzhou-12 spacecraft have arrived at the launch site. The former will be launched on May 20, while the latter is expected to enter space on June 10. The tianzhou-2 cargo spacecraft first entered space and automatically docked with the Tianhe core module, which was a bit of a feeling that people and horses did not move food and grass first, and sent up the necessary supplies for astronauts, such as food, water and equipment for the next phase of the mission.

那就是激动人心的时刻了。神舟十二号载人飞船将搭载聂海胜、邓庆明、叶光福3名航天员与天河飞船在太空会合，他们将成为中国空间站首批航天员。在轨任务期预计为4-5个月。相应地，天舟三号和神舟十三号飞船预计将在今年9月和10月发射，也就是下一批航天员"交接班"的时间。此时，天河核心舱一定非常繁忙。届时，将有多达6名宇航员同时进入太空。

Then it's exciting time. The shenzhou-12 manned spacecraft will take three astronauts, Nie Haisheng, Deng Qingming and ye Guangfu, to join the Tianhe spacecraft in space, and they will become the first batch of astronauts of China's space station. The on orbit mission period is expected to be 4-5 months. Correspondingly, tianzhou-3 and shenzhou-13 spacecraft are expected to be launched in September and October this year, that is, the time when the next batch of astronauts will come up for "shift handover". At this time, Tianhe core module must be very busy. At this time, there will be as many as six astronauts in space at the same time.

2022年是天宫空间站计划"竣工"的一年。它将发射两艘货运飞船、两艘载人飞船和两个关键实验舱，即"温天"和"梦天"。届时，中国空间站将成为"三室两船"的基本配置。

2022 is the year when Tiangong space station is scheduled to be "completed". It will launch two cargo spaceships, two manned spaceships, and two key experimental modules, namely, Wentian and Mengtian. At that time, China's space station will become the basic configuration of "three rooms and two ships".

vony7绘制

Drawing by vony7

Link：https://new.qq.com/omn/20210430/20210430A014GA00.html

update time：2021-04-30 18:32:09