The deputy director earns 41 yuan from delivering delivery, and punishes the riders one by one. Can they earn more than 10000 yuan a month?

文爱金融社

Wen AI Financial Society

编辑：杨杰

Editor: Yang Jie

近日，北京卫视播出的一部纪录片讲述了北京市人力资源和社会保障局副局长王林变身"外卖哥"并赠送外卖一天的故事。这个话题太热门了，他曾经在微博上被搜索过。

Recently, a documentary broadcast by Beijing Satellite TV tells the story of Wang Lin, deputy director of Beijing human resources and Social Security Bureau, turning into a "takeaway brother" and giving away the takeaway for a day. The topic is too hot, and he was once searched on microblog.

这一天，该部门副主任王林经历了接单、接饭、骑电动车上路的经历。。。12小时内，他完成了5份送餐单，收入41元，平均每小时不到3元。其中一个，他跑了近一个小时，只赚了6元6角。王副局长说："发晚了要扣60%。"

In this day, Wang Lin, deputy director of the Department, experienced the experience of receiving orders, picking up meals, and riding an electric car on the road... Within 12 hours, he completed five orders of delivering meals, earning 41 yuan, less than three yuan an hour on average. One of them, he ran for nearly an hour and earned only 6 yuan and 60 cents. Wang deputy director said: "send late to deduct 60%."

一天后，王副局长沮丧地坐在路边说："不要开枪。这真的不容易。我感到委屈。我今天跑了这么长时间，挣的钱这么少，离100元的目标太远了。"

One day later, deputy director Wang sat on the roadside in frustration and said, "don't shoot. It's really not easy. I feel aggrieved. I've been running for such a long time today, earning so little money, so far away from my goal of 100 yuan. "

长期以来，江湖上流传着"送货员月薪一万多元"的传说。这样的外卖工确实存在，但与王副局长12小时内完成5个订单相比，他们在收入背后付出的是超乎寻常的体力支出和高度紧张的工作状态。这群人日夜奔波在城市的每个角落，因为迟到被罚款，天气越极端，他们越想接更多的订单。

For a long time, there is a legend in the river and the lake that "the delivery boy has earned more than ten thousand yuan a month". Such takeaway workers do exist, but compared with Wang, deputy director, who completed five orders in 12 hours, what they paid behind their income was extraordinary physical expenditure and highly nervous working state. This group runs around every corner of the city day and night, being fined for being late, and the more extreme the weather is, the more they want to take more orders.

也正是他们，加上无数的外卖订单，支撑了美团、饿么等外卖平台的利润。

It is also them, together with countless takeout orders, that have supported the profits of meituan, hungry Mody and other takeout platforms.

4月29日，美团、饿团相继作出正式回应，明确表示已逐步取消对骑士的单一处罚，并将继续努力提高骑士的经验。最新的骑士应用程序也已经升级。

On April 29, meituan and hungry made a formal response one after another, making it clear that they have gradually abolished the single penalty for knights, and will continue to work hard to improve the Knights' experience. The latest Knights app has also been upgraded.

抓命令，惩罚，一天跑12个小时

Grabbing orders, punishing, running 12 hours a day

对于王师傅送外卖的经历，高师傅认为自己的速度"太慢了，但新人经常送。"。为了在外卖行业赚钱，我们需要经验。例如，同时接收多个订单，并将它们一起发送到相似的区域；在商店等饭时，你会发现饭菜很慢。你需要迅速做出反应，先得到其他命令。此外，熟悉道路和居民区，知道哪些写字楼不能上楼，需要提前电话联系客户，知道哪些企业服务慢，这些经历都决定了一个外卖车手能挣多少钱。

For Wang's experience of delivering takeout, master Gao thinks that his speed is "too slow, but new people often do it.". In order to earn money in the takeout industry, we need experience. For example, receive multiple orders at the same time and send them together in similar areas; When waiting for a meal in a store, you find that the meal is slow. You need to react quickly and get other orders first. In addition, the familiarity with roads and residential areas, knowing which office buildings can't go upstairs, needing to contact customers by telephone in advance, and knowing which businesses are slow to serve, all these experiences determine how much a take away rider can earn.

"新人来跑的时候，可以先做专递（全职），跑一个月学习，然后转向众包。高师傅说："收入会更高。"。

"When new people come to run, they can first do special delivery (Full-time), run for a month to learn, and then turn to crowdsourcing. The income will be higher." Master Gao said.

艾金融通讯社记者了解到，目前，外卖客有两种类型："特快专递"和"众包"。前者是全职的，后者是兼职的。这种差异体现在收入核算和管理制度上。在日常收入方面，以北京为例。对于全日制车手，如果他们在每月800个订单内送饭，他们将获得8元/订单的报酬。超过800单的，每单8.5元；众包骑手的每个订单的价格都是不固定的，交付可选订单的难度更大。好处是收入高。一单订单往往能赚13元以上，工资是按日支付的。

AI financial news agency learned that at present, there are two types of takeaway riders: "special delivery" and "crowdsourcing". The former is full-time and the latter is part-time. The difference is reflected in the income calculation and management system. In terms of daily income, take Beijing as an example. For full-time riders, if they deliver meals within 800 orders per month, they will be paid 8 yuan per order. For those more than 800 orders, they will be paid 8.5 yuan per order; The price of each order of crowdsourcing riders is not fixed, and it is more difficult to deliver the optional orders. The advantage is that the income is high. A single order can often earn more than 13 yuan, and the salary is paid daily.

"北京的单身收入更高。"高师傅曾经在郑州送外卖，一单只拿到4元。他说，众包骑手的时间自由"可以通过点击手机开始接收订单"。不过，与专职车手相比，订单量不一定那么大，他们往往会收到"不好跑的订单"。

"Beijing's single income is higher." Master Gao once delivered takeout in Zhengzhou, and only got 4 yuan for one order. He said that the time freedom of crowdsourcing riders "can start to receive orders by clicking on the mobile phone". However, compared with full-time riders, the amount of orders is not necessarily so large, and they often receive "orders that are not easy to run".

然而，高师傅所说的"自由"，其实是以接送为职业的人的一种幻觉。

However, what master Gao called "freedom" is actually an illusion for people who take delivery as a profession.

27岁的美团车手李明（化名）对艾金融通讯社记者说："据说是兼职，但事实上，我们都要自己工作，这是一个简单的道理。如果你不想跑，今天就不能跑，但是如果你不跑，你就没有收入了。"

"It's said that it's part-time work, but in fact, we all have to work on our own." Li Ming, a 27 year old meituan rider (not his real name), told AI financial news agency, "it's a simple truth. You can not run today if you don't want to, but if you don't run, you will have no income."

如果你只把送货作为主要收入来源，不管是众包还是特价送货，都需要投入大量精力。此外，还要面对平台的处罚"当客户投诉时，平台仍将处以罚款。有时，它会限制您在高峰时间收到订单。"李明告诉艾金融通讯社记者，前不久，因为没有给办公楼发订单，被一位客户投诉，"他扣了我14元，第二天高峰时间我就拿不到订单了"，这样，李明就认为自己因为这个投诉少赚了几百元。

If you only take delivery as the main source of income, whether it's crowdsourcing or special delivery, you need to invest a lot of energy. In addition, you have to face the punishment of the platform" When a customer complains, the platform will still impose a fine. Sometimes, it will restrict you to receive orders during peak hours. " Li Ming told AI financial news agency that not long ago, because he didn't send an order to the office building, he was complained by a customer, "he deducted 14 yuan from me, and I couldn't get the order in the rush hour the next day." In this way, Li Ming thinks that he has earned hundreds of yuan less because of this complaint.

比处罚更让李明不满的是，他认为平台没有注意骑手的声音"办公楼没有交付给客户，因为防疫不允许我们进入。顾客投诉后，处罚就减轻了。平台能问我们发生了什么吗？"

What makes Li Ming more dissatisfied than the punishment is that he thinks the platform does not pay attention to the rider's voice" The office building was not delivered to the customers because the epidemic control did not allow us to enter. After the customer complains, the punishment comes down. Can the platform ask us what happened? "

李明说，现在美团已经在众包中推出了"开心跑"。如果你成为快乐跑骑手，每月都会有一定数额的扣款凭证，可以抵消平台的处罚。

Li Ming said that now meituan has launched "happy run" in crowdsourcing. If you become a happy running rider, you will have a certain amount of deduction voucher every month, which can offset the punishment of the platform.

上面的送货员只是一个缩影。据一些媒体统计，近70%的外卖客年龄在35岁以下，其中90%以上是男性；普通车手每天要工作8小时，待命12小时，并交付48份订单。

The above delivery boy is only a miniature. According to some media statistics, nearly 70% of takeaway riders are younger than 35 years old, and more than 90% of them are male; The average rider has to work 8 hours a day, be on standby for 12 hours, and deliver 48 orders.

外卖车手比王副局长跑得多，但这也是一份压力很大的工作。

Take away riders run more than vice director Wang, but it's also a stressful job.

送货费涨了，但钱不属于外卖

The delivery fee has gone up, but the money doesn't belong to takeaway

送货费的上涨也是外卖成本居高不下的一个重要原因。而这涉及到外卖平台"熟悉"用户大数据的问题。去年12月，"漂爹"在《我被美团会员切韭菜》一文中透露，他经常光顾的驴肉烧烤店，同时开设了美团外卖会员账户和无外卖会员账户，配送费不同，分别是6元和2元，而会员账户的发行费贵了4元。

The rise of delivery fees is also a major reason for the high cost of takeout. And this involves the problem that the takeaway platform is "familiar" with users' big data. In December last year, "father drift" revealed in the article "I was cut leeks by meituan members", that the donkey barbecue shop that he often visited, at the same time, had opened meituan takeout member's account and no takeout member's account, and the distribution fee was different, which was 6 yuan and 2 yuan respectively, and the distribution fee of member's account was 4 yuan more expensive.

美团外卖方面的回应是，发行费差价与会员无关，是因为位置缓存造成的估算不准确"我不同意美团的解释"漂流神父当时告诉艾金融社，第一次可以说地址有问题，但第二次他订的地址显然是一样的，所以他不同意美团的回答。

Meituan's takeout response was that the distribution fee difference had nothing to do with membership, because of inaccurate estimation caused by location cache" I don't agree with meituan's explanation. " Father drift told AI financial society at that time that the first time it could be said that there was a problem with the address, but the second time the address of his order was obviously the same, so he did not agree with meituan's response.

事实上，很多分析都指出了背后的逻辑：这是因为在外卖总量增速放缓的情况下，外卖平台急于盈利。

In fact, many analyses have pointed to the logic behind the scenes: it is because the takeout platforms are eager to make profits when the growth of the total takeout volume slows down.

外卖车手应该证明这句话："外卖的送货费是平台收的，额外的费用不能进车手的口袋。"

A take away rider should prove this saying: "the delivery fee of take away is collected by the platform, and the extra fee can't go into the rider's pocket."

据艾金融通讯社报道，不久前美团推出了新的配送费用计算方案，并开始实施"3公里起步，每增加一定配送距离，就需要缴纳更多相应费用"。以上海为例，美团的规划中，0-3公里配送费为3.15元，3-4公里每增加0.1公里配送费为0.3元，4公里以上每增加0.1公里配送费为0.25元。最高送货费可占订单实际金额的50%。

According to AI financial news agency, not long ago meituan launched a new distribution fee calculation scheme, and began to implement "3 km starting, every increase in a certain distribution distance, you need to pay more corresponding fees". Take Shanghai as an example, in meituan's plan, the distribution fee for 0-3km is 3.15 yuan, 0.3 yuan for every 0.1km increase in 3-4km, and 0.25 yuan for every 0.1km increase above 4km. The highest delivery fee can account for 50% of the actual amount of the order.

"美团给我们的配送费是按直线距离计算的，但美团和商家收取的配送费是按通航距离计算的。"一位骑手告诉AI财经，根据新规定，商家可能需要支付更多的配送费用，但是钱不会进骑手的口袋。

"Meituan's distribution fee to us is calculated according to the straight-line distance, but the distribution fee charged by meituan and merchants is calculated according to the navigation distance." A rider told AI finance that under the new rules, businesses may have to pay more for distribution, but the money will not go into the rider's pocket.

车友的收入没有增加，但配送费的上涨也引起了不少用户的质疑，将不满发泄到琐碎的投诉上，这让不少外卖男孩头疼不已。

The income of riders has not increased, but the rise of distribution fees has also aroused the query of many users, venting their dissatisfaction to the trivial complaints, which makes many takeaway boys headache.

外卖车手需要福利

Takeaway riders need welfare

外卖车手分为全职和众包。两者有什么区别？美团朝阳区一家投递网站的负责人向艾金融机构介绍，即使是专职车手也只能与劳务公司签订电子合同，无论是专职还是众包都不能交五险一金。

Take away riders are divided into full-time and crowdsourcing. What is the difference between the two? A person in charge of a delivery site in Chaoyang District of meituan introduced to AI financial agency that even full-time riders can only sign electronic contracts with labor service companies, and neither full-time nor crowdsourcing can pay five insurances and one fund.

"每天从工资中扣除3元作为保险费。没有其他的保护措施。"一位众包骑手说。然而，他不知道"承保范围"是什么。至于平台向骑手提供的心理咨询热线，他表示"不理解"，"不会打架"。

"Three yuan is deducted from the salary every day as the insurance premium. There is no other protection." A crowdsourcing rider said. However, he did not know what the insurance "covered". As for the psychological counseling hotline provided by the platform to riders, he said he "did not understand" and "would not fight".

事实上，无论是专职还是众包，对外卖平台上搭车人的审核和监督都非常简单，"如果你有身份证、健康卡和银行卡，明天就可以上班了。"上述网站负责人告诉艾金融社记者，专职车手需要现场面试，但内容是"告诉你工作性质和薪水"，"你同意工作，我会给你一个简单的培训，你可以工作。"

In fact, whether it's full-time or crowdsourcing, the audit and supervision of riders on the takeaway platform are very simple" If you have an ID card, a health card and a bank card, you can start work tomorrow. " The person in charge of the above-mentioned site told AI financial society that full-time riders need on-site interview, but the content is "tell you about the nature of the job and salary", "you agree to work, I will give you a simple training, you can work."

去年9月，一篇题为《外卖骑士，困在系统中》的文章引起公众关注，将外卖哥算法引发的安全问题推到了舆论的高峰。文章提到，2017年上半年，上海平均每2.5天就有一名外卖车手受伤。同年，三个月内，深圳共有12名骑车人伤亡。2018年，成都交警7个月共查处非法乘车人近万人，发生事故196起，伤亡155人，平均每天有1名乘车人受伤或受伤。2018年9月，广州交警共查处外卖客交通违法案件近2000起，其中梅团占一半，饥饿占第二。

In September last year, an article entitled "takeaway rider, trapped in the system" attracted public attention, pushing the safety problem caused by the algorithm of takeaway brother to the peak of public opinion. It is mentioned in the article that in the first half of 2017, there was an average of one takeaway rider injured every 2.5 days in Shanghai. In the same year, there were 12 casualties among cyclists in Shenzhen within three months. In 2018, Chengdu traffic police investigated and dealt with nearly 10000 illegal riders in seven months, 196 accidents and 155 casualties, with an average of one rider injured or injured every day. In September 2018, Guangzhou traffic police investigated and dealt with nearly 2000 cases of takeaway riders' traffic violations, half of which were meituan, and the second was hungry.

外卖客发生安全事故的原因各不相同，但对于外卖平台来说，如何承担起确保自身安全和福利的责任，在招募外卖客时显得尤为重要。

There are different reasons for takeaway riders' safety accidents, but for takeaway platforms, how to take the responsibility of ensuring their safety and welfare becomes particularly important when recruiting riders.

美团在下一季度的财务报告中特别强调了对乘客的保护。"随着业务的发展，我们将继续更好地了解乘客的需求，"美团表示，具体措施包括：升级智能调度配送系统，在配送时间和任务分配方面为乘客提供更大的灵活性，开发保护乘客安全的算法和技术。

Meituan specially emphasized the protection of riders in the following quarter's financial report. "We will continue to have a better understanding of riders' needs as our business grows," meituan said Specific measures include: upgrading the intelligent dispatching and distribution system, providing more flexibility for riders in terms of delivery time and task allocation, and developing algorithms and technologies to protect riders' safety.

然而，对于大多数车手来说，很难确切地知道站台为他们提供了什么样的保护。李明告诉艾金融通讯社记者，为了获得更高的收入，他经常在深夜送货很多路都没有路灯，有时我们会从车上摔下来。只要伤口不大，我们就等它长好。"

However, it is difficult for most riders to know exactly what protection the platform provides for them. Li Ming told AI financial news agency that in order to get higher income, he often delivers goods late at night. "There are no street lights on many roads, sometimes we fall off the car. As long as the wound is not big, we just wait for it to grow well."

餐饮外卖平台依靠外卖业务不断盈利。

Catering takeaway platforms are constantly making profits by relying on takeaway business.

美团2020年财报显示，公司年收入达到1148亿元，创历史新高；实现净利润47.07亿元，增长110.5%。最大的亮点之一是餐饮外卖业务盈利能力的提高。截至2020年12月31日，美团餐饮外卖年收入达到663亿元，同比增长20%，净利润达到28亿元，同比翻番。外卖占美团总收入的近58%。据艾金融社统计，2017-2019年，外卖对美团的贡献率也高达62%、58%和56%。

According to the financial report of meituan in 2020, the company's annual revenue reached 114.8 billion yuan, a record high; The net profit reached 4.707 billion yuan, doubling by 110.5%. One of the biggest highlights is the improvement of the profitability of the catering takeout business. As of December 31, 2020, meituan's annual food and beverage take out revenue reached 66.3 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 20%, and its net profit reached 2.8 billion yuan, a year-on-year double. Takeout contributed nearly 58% of meituan's total revenue. According to the statistics of AI financial society, in 2017-2019, the contribution of takeout to meituan is also as high as 62%, 58% and 56%.

外卖平台也在考虑如何获得更好的利润，提高外卖的技术含量。

Takeout platforms are also considering how to make better profits and improve the technology content of takeout.

据天雁查透露，美团已申请"美团无人机"等多项商标，并计划融资约100亿美元（约648亿元人民币），主要用于无人配送的技术创新。

According to tianyancha, meituan has applied for a number of trademarks such as "meituan UAV" and plans to raise about US $10 billion (about RMB 64.8 billion), mainly for technological innovation in unmanned distribution.

未来三年，美团的无人配送范围还将扩大到上海、深圳等城市，在美团的外卖、蔬菜购物、闪购等业务场景中发挥作用。除无人机外，预计3年内还将登陆数万辆无人配送车，实现多场景、全天候、多城市的区域性大型配送体系。

In the next three years, the scope of meituan's unmanned distribution will also be expanded to Shanghai, Shenzhen and other cities to play a role in meituan's take out, vegetable shopping, flash shopping and other business scenarios. In addition to UAVs, it is expected to land tens of thousands of unmanned distribution vehicles in three years to realize a multi scene, all-weather, multi city regional large-scale distribution system.

据美团2020年财报显示，从美团平台获得收入的车手总数为470万，美团支付给车手的配送费高达486.9亿，占外卖佣金收入的83%。无人配电技术成熟后，对于美团来说，也节省了不少成本。

According to the financial report of meituan in 2020, the total number of riders who get income from meituan platform is 4.7 million, and the distribution fee paid by meituan to riders is as high as 48.69 billion, accounting for 83% of the take out commission income. When the unmanned distribution technology is mature, for meituan, it also saves a lot of cost.

但外卖男孩能在"无人"的浪潮中保住饭碗多久呢？

But how long can takeout boys keep their jobs in the wave of "no one"?

这篇文章最初是由《金融世界周刊》的一个账户——AI金融协会撰写的。未经允许，请勿通过任何渠道或平台转载。违者将被起诉。

This article is originally produced by AI financial society, an account of financial world weekly. Please do not reprint it through any channel or platform without permission. Violators will be prosecuted.

Link：https://new.qq.com/omn/20210501/20210501A01S9N00.html

update time：2021-05-01 10:46:34