Apple, Microsoft and Huawei go to the Internet of things together

6月24日，微软正式发布了windows11系统（距离windows10发布已有6年多时间），最早将于下周开始对"windows内部人士"进行第一波测试。

On June 24, Microsoft officially released the windows 11 system (more than six years after the launch of windows 10), which will start the first wave of testing to "windows insiders" as early as next week.

在大约两个月的时间里，苹果、微软和华为密集推出了新产品和系统。

In about two months, apple, Microsoft and Huawei launched new products and systems intensively.

当然，电子产品更新越来越快，厂家发布新产品也很正常。但有趣的是，过去两个月三大厂商发布的新产品都有一个共同点：电脑端已经开始与移动端的移动应用完全兼容。

Of course, electronic products are updating faster and faster, and it's normal for manufacturers to release new products. But what's interesting is that the new products released by the three major manufacturers in the past two months all have one thing in common: the computer end has started to be fully compatible with the mobile applications of the mobile end.

有人说这不是颠覆性的东西，对吧？我们的电脑上不是有很长时间的手机应用程序吗？

Some people say that this is not something subversive, right? Don't we have a mobile phone app on the computer for a long time?

通俗地说，这种模式是较小的。

In popular terms, the pattern is smaller.

这一共同点或许代表了下一代电子产品发展方向的新趋势。

This common ground may represent the new trend of the development direction of the next generation of electronic products.

必须事先说明，这篇文章只是我个人的观察和思考，而我又不是计算机专业的学生，所以文章有疏漏是正常的。请批评指正。

It must be explained in advance that the article is only my personal observation and thinking, and I am not a computer major, so it is normal for the article to have omissions. Please criticize and correct me.

电子产品爱好者将密切关注苹果、微软和华为的新闻发布会，发布会前会有各种预测版本。

Enthusiasts of electronic products will pay close attention to apple, Microsoft and Huawei's press conferences, and there will be various forecast versions before the press conference.

但今年粉丝们没有预料到的是，苹果新产品IMAC和iPad Pro都配备了专为MacBook Air设计的M1芯片。

But what fans didn't predict this year is that Apple's new products IMAC and iPad Pro are equipped with M1 chips specially designed for MacBook Air.

首先，它带来了性能上的巨大改进。甚至许多评价认为，如果ipadpro配备了MAC芯片，将会带来超额性能。

First of all, it brings about a huge improvement in performance. Even many evaluations think that if iPad Pro is equipped with MAC chips, it will bring about excess performance.

如果你仔细想想，难怪笔记本电脑所用的芯片在安装到iPad上后，性能没有提高。

If you think about it, it's no wonder that the performance of the chip used for notebook computer is not improved when it is installed on the iPad.

但ipadpro上的M1可能不仅仅是传统的性能升级。它的真正目的是改变iPad的软件生态。

But the M1 on the iPad Pro is probably not just a conventional performance upgrade. Its real purpose is to change the software ecology of the iPad.

当我们第一次听说"万物互联"时，我们认为这是一个概念。也许在未来，它将被提上议事日程，在下一个计算机时代。

When we first heard about "the interconnection of all things", we thought that this was a concept. Perhaps in the future, it will be put on the agenda in the next computer age.

其实，万物的互联，就像那无声的春雨，已经悄悄地出现在我们的生活中。

In fact, the interconnection of all things, like the silent spring rain, has been quietly in our lives.

所有事物的互联并不意味着所有终端设备都可以一次连接起来，而是需要一个缓慢接入的过程。

The interconnection of all things does not mean that all terminal devices can be connected all at once, but requires a process of slow access.

例如，首先发生的是手机和手机、手机和电脑之间的连接。在早期，它是通过数据线，后来通过蓝牙。

For example, the first thing that happened was the connection between mobile phones and mobile phones, mobile phones and computers. In the early days, it was through the data line, and later through Bluetooth.

现在最直观的感觉就是QQ和微信在PC和手机上的同步。我们可以使手机和电脑同时在线，聊天记录和文件可以相互传输和共享。开会的时候，我们想回复微信上的私信。我们不再需要引起老板的注意，因为我们经常拿起手机，只需在电脑上回复，就给我们带来了极大的便利。当然，微信是电脑和手机同时在线的，主要的影响是它大大提高了我们的工作效率。

Now the most intuitive feeling is the synchronization of QQ and wechat on the PC and the mobile phone. We can make the mobile phone and the computer online at the same time, and chat records and files can be transmitted and shared with each other. When we are in a meeting, we want to reply to private messages on wechat. We no longer need to attract the boss's attention because we frequently pick up the mobile phone, just reply on the computer, It brings us great convenience. Of course, wechat is online at the same time of computer and mobile phone, and the main impact is that it greatly improves our work efficiency.

然而，由于移动终端和计算机终端的硬件和系统不同，因此适用不同的指令集（简单理解指令集是计算机能够理解的语言，不同的芯片使用不同的指令集）。微信和QQ的两端都可以同时上线，因为开发者开发了同时适用于移动终端和电脑终端的两个程序。

However, because the hardware and system of the mobile terminal and the computer terminal are different, different instruction sets are applicable (simple understanding of instruction set is the language that the computer can understand, and different chips use different instruction sets). Both ends of wechat and QQ can be online at the same time, because the developers have developed two programs that are applicable to the mobile terminal and the computer terminal at the same time.

因此，如果你想在电脑中使用更多的手机程序，就需要开发人员开发更多适合电脑的程序，这对程序员来说是人力和智力的巨大浪费。

Therefore, if you want more mobile phone programs to be used in the computer, you need developers to develop more programs that are suitable for the computer, which is a huge waste of human and intellectual resources for programmers.

在过去的三年里，苹果一直试图呼吁开发者将手机上的IOS应用程序引入电脑上的MacOS系统。然而，由于手机、平板电脑和电脑所使用的底层硬件不同，从本质上讲，这并不是一件容易的事情。

In the past three years, Apple has been trying to call on developers to bring IOS applications on mobile phones into MacOS systems on computers. However, due to the differences in underlying hardware used by mobile phones, tablets and computers, it is not an easy task in essence.

而M1芯片出现在Mac之后，由于M1芯片的指令集架构与iPhone和iPad完全一致，直接解决了硬件差异带来的应用互操作问题。苹果公司曾表示，所有配备M1芯片的Mac电脑都可以直接运行来自IOS的应用程序。

But M1 chip appeared after Mac, because the instruction set architecture of M1 chip is completely consistent with that of iPhone and iPad, it directly solves the application interoperability caused by hardware differences. Apple has said that all Macs equipped with M1 chips can directly run applications from IOS.

最可怕的事是什么？

What is the most terrible thing?

苹果一直以追求完美著称。只要它决定发布的产品是目前它能做的最好的，它就不会为消费者提供一些做得不好的东西。

Apple has always been known for its pursuit of perfection. As long as the product it decides to release is the best it can do at present, it will not provide consumers with something that has not been done well.

但这次不同了。虽然你可以直接从Mac的apple store下载移动应用程序，但很多移动应用程序在PC桌面上的应用体验非常差，这是苹果以前无法想象的。这反映出苹果在推进PC和移动应用集成方面的紧迫性。

But this time it's different. Although you can download mobile app directly from Mac's apple store, many mobile app's application experience on PC desktop is very poor, which was unimaginable for apple before. This reflects the urgency of apple in promoting the integration of PC and mobile applications.

考虑到苹果推出的手表、眼镜等一系列可穿戴设备，以及最近推出的airtag无线蓝牙跟踪器等产品，以及未来可能出现的苹果汽车，这一系列的行动奖金可以总结如下：

Considering a series of wearable devices such as watches and glasses launched by apple, and products such as airtag wireless Bluetooth tracker recently launched, as well as Apple's cars that may appear in the future, this series of action bonus can be concluded as follows:

苹果也在走物联网的道路，将多个设备集成在一个封闭的生态系统中。

Apple is also taking the way of the Internet of things in which multiple devices are integrated in a closed ecosystem.

微软和谷歌这样做已经有很长时间了。

Microsoft and Google have been doing this for a long time.

可以说，微软在PC方面称霸世界。它说这是第二个。估计没人敢说是第一个。

Microsoft can be said to dominate the world on the PC side. It says that it is the second. It is estimated that no one dares to say that it is the first.

微软最可怕的是兼容性和稳定性。微软最早的操作系统DOS的可执行文件仍然可以在最新的windows10系统上运行。同样，最新的windows10系统也可以在20年前安装在英特尔奔腾4处理器上。

The terrible thing about Microsoft is compatibility and stability. The executable file of Microsoft's earliest operating system DOS can still run on the latest Windows 10 system. Similarly, the latest Windows 10 system can be installed on the Intel Pentium 4 processor 20 years ago.

苹果IOS上的许多软件无法更新，但office自诞生以来还保持着各种文件格式的前向兼容性。

A lot of software on Apple IOS can't be updated, but office also maintains the forward compatibility of various file formats since its birth.

这意味着学校可以在计算机课堂上教授windows+word+excel+PowerPoint的操作，而不用担心这些工具的基本操作或兼容性。各单位可以随时使用这个系统工作，不用担心新员工的培训、升级、维护和二次开发。工厂总是可以用它来控制仪器，而不用担心在支撑周期中的安全性。我不必担心买一台电脑，三五年内不运行最新的软件。

This means that schools can always teach the operation of windows + word + excel + PowerPoint in computer classes without worrying about the basic operation or compatibility of these tools. Units can always use this system to work without worrying about training new employees, upgrading, maintenance and secondary development. Factories can always use it to control instruments without worrying about safety during the support cycle. I don't have to worry about buying a computer and not running the latest software in three or five years.

这种稳定性和兼容性为微软占据主导地位奠定了基础。

This stability and compatibility laid the foundation for Microsoft to dominate.

从win8开始，微软开始建立自己的应用商店，希望让软件服务进入一个闭环。在win10商店中，微软开始提供uwp软件。根据微软的计划，微软移动平台和win10桌面平台可以利用uwp应用构建互联生态系统。

From win8, Microsoft began to build its own app store, hoping to make software services into a closed loop. In win10 stores, Microsoft began to provide uwp software. According to Microsoft's plan, Microsoft mobile platform and win10 desktop platform can use uwp applications to build an interconnected ecosystem.

uwp应用可以同时兼容移动和桌面环境，而uwp应用只在win10商店中发布，相当于微软的生态桥梁。

A uwp app can be compatible with mobile and desktop environments at the same time, while the uwp app is only released in win10 store, which is equivalent to the ecological bridge of Microsoft.

然而，微软的手机系统还没有真正开发出来。作为一个提高生产力的平台，win10在PC上的应用程序种类并不丰富。大多数都是相对较小的软件应用程序。win10商店中发布的许多高质量uwp软件已经很久没有更新了。Win10商店似乎很旧。

However, Microsoft's mobile phone system has not been really developed. As a platform for productivity, win10 on PC is not rich in application categories. Most of them are relatively small software applications. Many of the high-quality uwp software released in win10 store has not been updated for a long time. Win10 store seems to be old.

虽然这款手机还没造出来，但融合了iPad和MAC优点的surface系列还不错。

Although the mobile phone has not been built, the surface series, which combines the advantages of iPad and MAC, is not bad.

在windows11中，微软重新设计了新系统的应用商店Windows store，改变了UI界面，更倾向于移动平台。更重要的是，Windows11将为Android应用程序提供本机支持。

In Windows 11, Microsoft redesigned the application store windows store of the new system, changed the UI interface, and preferred the mobile platform. More importantly, windows 11 will provide native support for Android applications.

在新闻发布会上，微软用tiktok作为示范。它的打开和使用与普通windows程序相同。它也可以固定在任务栏上。浏览界面与手机相似，电脑屏幕没有调整。

At the press conference, Microsoft used tiktok as a demonstration. Its opening and use are the same as ordinary windows programs. It can also be fixed on the taskbar. The browsing interface is similar to that on the mobile phone, and there is no adjustment to the computer screen.

我们不知道新系统是否能使微软在个人电脑和移动终端之间建立互联。但win11的定位非常明显，微软仍不放弃，仍想做PC与移动终端的互联。

We don't know whether the new system can enable Microsoft to establish the interconnection between PC and mobile terminals. But the positioning of win11 is very obvious, Microsoft still does not give up, still want to do the interconnection between PC and mobile terminal.

苹果和微软并非孤军奋战，谷歌当然也并非无所事事。

Apple and Microsoft are not alone, and Google is certainly not idle.

谷歌最近推出了"播放媒体体验计划"，主动降低开发者收入比例。

Google recently launched the "play media experience program", which takes the initiative to reduce the proportion of developers' income.

谷歌的计划主要面向视频、音频和阅读应用程序开发商。只要视频应用与Android电视和Google cast兼容，图书应用优化平板电脑和可折叠设备的体验，音频应用与可穿戴设备、Android和Google系统兼容，Google将把应用在Google play中的比例从30%降低到15%。

Google's plan is mainly for video, audio and reading app developers. As long as video applications are compatible with Android TV and Google cast, Book Applications optimize the experience of tablet computers and foldable devices, and audio applications are compatible with wearable devices, Android and Google systems, Google will reduce the percentage of the app in Google play from 30% to 15%.

至于鸿蒙系统，由于工作关系，我参观了鸿蒙创新孵化实验室。

As for Hongmeng system, due to working relationship, I have visited Hongmeng's Innovation Incubation laboratory.

在我看来，宏盟系统在物联网应用上有技术优势，但在生态上也有比较大的劣势。

In my opinion, Hongmeng system has technical advantages in the application of Internet of things, but there are relatively large ecological disadvantages.

如前所述，由于底层芯片不同，指令集架构也不同，只能为PC和移动终端开发两套应用程序。苹果的解决方案是统一底层芯片，以便尽可能多地使用同一套指令。同时，对于不能使用同一套指令的程序，提供编译，使移动应用程序可以在PC机上运行。

As we mentioned earlier, because the underlying chips are different, the instruction set architecture is different, and only two sets of applications can be developed for PC and mobile terminals. Apple's solution is to unify the underlying chips so that the same set of instructions can be used as much as possible. At the same time, for programs that can't use the same set of instructions, provide compilation, so that mobile applications can run on PC.

华为宏盟所做的就是最大限度地使指令集与硬件无关，即无论开发人员使用什么样的指令集，都可以在宏盟上运行。

What Huawei's Hongmeng does is to make instruction set irrelevant to hardware to the maximum extent, that is, no matter what kind of instruction set developers use, they can run on Hongmeng.

从这个逻辑来看，这种方法的最终目标是开发人员可以开发一组应用程序来适应所有终端。

From this logic, the ultimate goal of this approach is that developers can develop a set of applications to adapt to all terminals.

我不知道华为在多大程度上实现了这个目标，未来能否实现。目前，华为在一些技术上已走在行业前列。

I don't know how much Huawei has achieved this goal and whether it can achieve it in the future. At present, Huawei has reached the forefront of the industry in some technologies.

例如，win11演示的tiktok具有与手机相似的浏览界面，无需调整电脑屏幕。不过，鸿蒙上的应用程序可以根据终端屏幕进行改编，手机上的程序可以在电脑上运行，实现全屏。

For example, tiktok demonstrated by win11 has a similar browsing interface to that on the mobile phone, without making adjustments to the computer screen. However, the application program on Hongmeng can be adapted according to the terminal screen, and the program on the mobile phone can run on the computer to achieve full screen.

基于鸿蒙系统，"一触即发"也很不错。

Based on the Hongmeng system, the "one touch is even" is also very good.

事实上，很多智能设备的联网率和利用率都很低，因为联网非常麻烦，需要代码扫描、账号注册和授权。

In fact, the networking rate and utilization rate of many intelligent devices are very low, because the networking is very troublesome, which requires code scanning, account registration and authorization.

不过，配备了宏盟系统的智能设备可以通过触摸配备了宏盟系统的手机进行自动连接，非常方便。

However, the smart device equipped with Hongmeng system can connect automatically by touching the mobile phone equipped with Hongmeng system, which is very convenient.

毕竟，100年前，谁能想象今天的智能手机呢？

After all, 100 years ago, who could have imagined a smartphone today?

现在，我们的65nm和130nm在国家鼓励的范围内。

Now, our 65nm and 130nm are in the range of national encouragement.

最可怕的是我们没有天赋。

The most terrible thing is that we have no talent.

没有人才，产业就不能发展。没有产业，就没有人才成长的必要环境。两者之间存在恶性循环。

Without talents, the industry cannot develop. Without industry, there is no necessary environment for talent growth. There is a vicious circle between the two.

有一次我参加了一个学术会议，一位清华大学计算机系的基础研究教授说他不能招收研究生。因为太冷了。企业需要的是做终端应用的人才，不需要从事基础研发的人才，所以没有人举报。

Once I attended an academic conference, a professor of basic research in the computer department of Tsinghua University said that he could not recruit postgraduates. Because it's too cold. What enterprises need is talents to do terminal applications, and they don't need talents to engage in basic research and development, so no one reported.

清华大学甚至不敢把AI研究生和其他学生一起放在计算机系的宿舍里。因为如果把他们安置在同一栋宿舍楼里，所有非人工智能的学生最终都可能想转学人工智能专业。因为就业好工资高。

Tsinghua University even dare not put AI graduate students in the same dormitory with other students in the computer department. Because if they are placed in the same dormitory building, all non AI students may want to transfer to AI major in the end. Because of good employment and high wages.

做基础研究的人很难发表论文毕业。毕业后，巴拉还是找不到工作。谁能学？这是中国在发展先进计算机技术方面面临的最大弱点。

It's hard for those who do basic research to publish papers and graduate. After graduation, Bala still can't find a job. Who can learn? This is the biggest weakness faced by China in developing advanced computer technology.

"图片视觉中国"

"Picture vision China"

Link：https://new.qq.com/omn/20210701/20210701A01IAD00.html

update time：2021-07-01 10:50:23