Can mathematicians win the Nobel Prize? Yes, it's not an example

众所周知，除了六个诺贝尔和平奖、经济学奖、文学奖、物理奖、化学奖、生理学奖和医学奖外，没有数学奖。诺贝尔设立该奖项时，将奖项组定为"在前一年对人类做出巨大贡献的人"。

As we all know, apart from the six Nobel prizes of peace, economics, literature, physics, chemistry, physiology and medicine, there is no mathematics prize. When Nobel established the award, he set the award group as "those who made great contributions to mankind in the previous year".

数学家的工作和研究显然可以"给人类带来最大的利益"，这完全符合诺贝尔奖的评价标准，但诺贝尔排除它的原因是什么？

The work and research of mathematicians can clearly "bring the greatest benefits to mankind", which fully meets the evaluation criteria of Nobel Prize, but what is the reason for Nobel to exclude it?

设立诺贝尔奖是为了奖励给人类带来最大利益的科学家。

The Nobel Prize was established to reward scientists who bring the greatest benefits to mankind.

现在,学术界有几个传闻。

Now, there are several rumors in academic circles.

第一,有人的地方就有纠纷,有爱的地方就有爱和恨。诺贝尔不能避免粗俗。

First, where there are people, there will be disputes, and where there is love, there will be love and hatred. Nobel can not avoid vulgarity.

许多人推断，诺贝尔在设立诺贝尔奖时排斥数学，是为了发泄他年轻时被数学家喜爱的情绪。但这位数学家是谁？有许多不同的版本。最受欢迎的版本是著名的瑞典数学家科斯塔·米格尔·塔勒弗勒。诺贝尔担心他将来会给他的情敌颁奖，所以他不想设立数学奖。

Many people infer that Nobel excluded mathematics when setting up the Nobel Prize in order to vent his emotions of being loved by mathematicians when he was young. But who is this mathematician? There are many different versions. The most popular version is the famous Swedish mathematician Costa Miguel taglefler. Nobel was afraid that he would have to give awards to his rival in love in the future, so he didn't want to set up a mathematics prize.

事实上，诺贝尔从未结过婚。诺贝尔一生中有三次恋爱，最长的一次持续了18年左右。除了这些女性，诺贝尔与其他女性没有明显的关系。

In fact, Nobel was never married. Nobel had three relationships in his life, and the longest one lasted about 18 years. Apart from these women, Nobel had no obvious relationship with other women.

第一个拒绝诺贝尔奖的人是在诺贝尔年轻时出现的。她没有结婚或与任何数学家有亲戚关系。诺贝尔的第二个女朋友曾经是他的秘书，最后两个女朋友也保持着终身的友谊；第三个女朋友和诺贝尔之间的通信没有提到或暗示任何背叛。根据这个推论，没有第三方参与过诺贝尔奖的关系，更不用说数学家了。

The first person to reject Nobel appeared when Nobel was young. She was not married or related to any mathematician. Nobel's second girlfriend used to be his secretary, and the last two also maintained a lifelong friendship; The correspondence between the third girlfriend and Nobel did not mention or imply any betrayal. According to this inference, no third party has ever been involved in Nobel's relationship, let alone mathematicians.

八卦天后：数学家莱夫勒

Gossip man: mathematician Leffler

因此，没有理由说诺贝尔奖不是因为被剥夺了爱的仇恨而设立的。这个谣言更多的是流言蜚语。

Therefore, there is no basis for saying that the Nobel Prize is not set up because of the hatred of being robbed of love. This rumor is more a gossip news.

第二，当时已经有非常著名的数学奖了。

Second, there were already very famous Mathematics Awards at that time.

瑞典和挪威国王奥斯卡二世本人就是数学家。他设立了著名的数学贡献奖——斯堪的纳维亚奖。诺贝尔可能认为，当他获得一个著名的奖项时，没有必要重复设立数学奖。

King Oskar II of Sweden and Norway was a mathematician himself. He established a famous mathematical Contribution Award - the Scandinavian award. Nobel may not think it necessary to repeat the establishment of Mathematics Awards when he has a well-known award.

有趣的是，这个数学奖是由拉弗勒提出的，他是一位放置无辜枪支的数学家，并说服奥斯卡二世设立了这个奖项。赫米特、伯特兰、韦尔斯特拉斯和庞加莱等著名数学家都曾获得奥斯卡二世颁发的这一奖项，但莱弗勒本人并没有获得这一奖项。

Interestingly, this mathematics award was proposed by raffler, a mathematician who lay innocent guns, and persuaded Oscar II to establish it. Famous mathematicians such as hermit, Bertrand, weierstras and Poincare have all received this award from Oscar II, but lefler himself has not won this award.

第三，受时代和个人科学观的影响，诺贝尔对数学缺乏兴趣。

Third, influenced by the times and personal view of science, Nobel lacks interest in mathematics.

诺贝尔在16岁时结束了他的公立中学教育，并没有继续上大学。之后，他接受了一位优秀的俄罗斯有机化学家的私人教育。在19世纪，相互关联的跨学科研究很少，跨学科研究也相对较少。当时，诺贝尔不需要在化学研究过程中应用数学知识。此外，诺贝尔的发明似乎更多地来自他敏锐的直觉和非凡的创造力，而不是来自任何先进的数学知识。

Nobel ended his public secondary education at the age of 16 and did not continue to go to college. After that, he received some private education from an excellent Russian organic chemist. In the 19th century, there were few interdisciplinary studies related to each other, and there were relatively few interdisciplinary studies. At that time, Nobel did not need to apply mathematical knowledge in the process of chemical research. Moreover, Nobel's invention seems to come more from his keen intuition and extraordinary creativity than from any advanced mathematical knowledge.

此外，这六个奖项也是诺贝尔关注的焦点。他自己的研究领域是物理和化学。他对文学也很感兴趣，医学也日趋成熟。设立和平奖是为了改善他因发明炸药而成为"死亡商人"的公众形象。

In addition, these six awards are the concern of Nobel. His own research fields are physics and chemistry. He is also interested in literature, and medicine is maturing. The establishment of the peace prize is to improve his public image as a "death merchant" due to the invention of explosives.

诺贝尔奖。

Nobel.

"诺贝尔数学奖"并非缺席

"The Nobel Prize in mathematics" is not absent

那些能够获得诺贝尔物理学、化学、生理学或医学奖的人在数学应用方面一点也不差。数学作为一门基础学科，所有的科学研究或多或少都会应用于数学，如现代物理、化学和生物学。对数学应用能力的要求不亚于专业研究领域。即使在某些方面，专业数学家也不能胜任数学分析。

Those who can win the Nobel Prize in physics, chemistry, physiology or medicine are by no means poor in the application of mathematics. Mathematics as a basic discipline, all scientific research will be applied to mathematics more or less, such as modern physics, chemistry and biology. The requirements for mathematical application ability are no less than professional research fields. Even in some aspects, professional mathematicians are not competent for mathematical analysis.

事实上，除了奥斯卡二世设立的数学奖外，现在还有两个非常著名的数学奖，菲尔兹奖和亚伯奖。菲尔兹奖是应加拿大数学家约翰·查尔斯·菲尔兹的要求设立的国际数学奖。它于1936年首次获奖。阿贝尔奖是挪威于2001年设立的数学奖。该奖项每年颁发一次，以纪念挪威著名数学家尼尔斯·亨里奇·阿贝尔（Nils Henrich Abel）在2002年诞辰200周年。

In fact, in addition to the mathematics Award established by Oscar II, there are now two very famous Mathematics Awards, the fields award and the Abel award. The fields award is an international mathematics Award established at the request of Canadian mathematician John Charles fields. It was first awarded in 1936. Abel award is a mathematical Award established by Norway in 2001. It is awarded once a year to commemorate the bicentennial birthday of Nils Henrich Abel, a famous Norwegian mathematician in 2002.

这两个奖项具有很高的权威性和影响力，并逐渐发展成为国际数学领域的最高奖项。前者甚至被称为"诺贝尔数学奖"。

These two awards have high authority and influence, and gradually develop into the international highest awards in the field of mathematics. The former is even known as the "Nobel Prize in mathematics".

诺贝尔数学奖也激怒了全世界的数学家。数学家们感到被诺贝尔奖排除在外，所以他们站起来战斗。1924年，在多伦多举行的国际数学家会议针锋相对地决定，每届国际数学家会议将颁发两枚金牌，以表彰在数学领域取得杰出成就的科学家。

The Nobel Prize for mathematics also angered mathematicians all over the world. Mathematicians felt excluded by the Nobel Prize, so they stood up and fought. In 1924, the International Conference of mathematicians held in Toronto decided tit for tat that each International Conference of mathematicians would award two gold medals to commend scientists who have made outstanding achievements in the field of mathematics.

诺贝尔奖。

Nobel medal.

谁说数学家不会获得诺贝尔奖？

Who says mathematicians won't win the Nobel Prize?

事实上，诺贝尔可能没有想到的是，尽管他没有设立数学奖，但许多数学家都获得了诺贝尔奖。

In fact, what Nobel may not expect is that although he did not set up a mathematics prize, many mathematicians have won the Nobel Prize.

例如，1979年，美国数学家艾伦·科马克（Alan Cormac）因创造了计算机X射线断层扫描（CT）的数学理论而获得诺贝尔医学奖。1985年，美国数学家赫伯特·霍普曼（Herbert Hopman）与物理学家卡勒（carler）合作发明了X射线直接测定晶体结构的数学方法，因此获得了诺贝尔物理学奖。1994年，约翰·纳什、泽尔滕和乔肖尼因"对非合作博弈均衡理论的开创性贡献"而共同获得诺贝尔经济学奖。但是纳什并不十分满意，因为他想赢得菲尔兹奖，数学界的最高荣誉。

For example, in 1979, American mathematician Alan Cormac won the Nobel Prize in medicine for creating the mathematical theory of computer X-ray tomography (CT). In 1985, Herbert Hopman, an American mathematician, won the Nobel Prize in physics for inventing the mathematical method of X-ray direct determination of crystal structure in cooperation with physicist carler. In 1994, John Nash, zelten and jorshoni shared the Nobel Prize in economics for their "pioneering contributions to the theory of non cooperative game equilibrium". But Nash is not very satisfied because he wants to win the fields award, the highest honor in mathematics.

虽然诺贝尔决定不奖励数学家的真正原因已经成为一个谜，但根据当时的时代背景分析，他可能无法预见或想象数学在促进科学发展方面的巨大作用，因此他忽视了诺贝尔数学奖的设立。尽管诺贝尔奖没有设立数学奖，但科学奖大厅永远不会排斥那些做出真正贡献的人。（科学路人）

Although the real reason why Nobel decided not to reward mathematicians has become a mystery, according to the analysis of the background of the times at that time, he may not be able to foresee or imagine the great role of mathematics in promoting the development of science, so he ignored the establishment of the Nobel Prize in mathematics. Although the Nobel prize does not set up a mathematics prize, the science prize hall will never exclude those who have made real contributions. (Science passers-by)

Link：https://new.qq.com/omn/20210930/20210930A05O5Q00.html

update time：2021-09-30 17:16:38