Scientist Wang Yifang: our generation has no Nobel Prize, and the next generation will have it

有人总是问王一芳，做中微子研究和粒子物理研究有什么用？有时他会微笑着回答："没用。"

Some people always ask Wang Yifang, what's the use of doing neutrino research and particle physics research? Sometimes he would smile and answer, "it's no use."

花这么多时间、精力和金钱在看似"无用"的基础科学上值得吗？除了科学研究之外，他还必须向公众解释这些问题。

Is it worth spending so much time, energy and money on the seemingly "useless" basic science? To explain these problems to the public is something he must do in addition to scientific research.

9月23日，在2021年未来青年论坛（future youth forum）上，王一芳站在讲台上解释基础科学研究如何促进企业和国家的技术发展。

"Only when basic science takes the lead in the world, can there be real leadership in science and technology and prosperity of the country." on September 23, at the 2021 future youth forum, Wang Yifang stepped on the podium to explain how basic science research can promote the technological development of enterprises and a country.

他举了一个例子。在江门进行中微子研究时，高能物理研究所需要20个岭獾岭来满足世界最高探测效率的要求。过去，他生产小型光电倍增管，但该技术后来被日本滨松垄断。在他们的推动下，他们与中国兵器北方夜视公司合作。经过六年的发展，国产光电倍增管技术终于达到了要求，实现了批量生产。这种高速光电器件广泛应用于国防、工业、医疗、科研等领域。通过这一过程，中国的光电子器件技术突然走到了世界前列。

He cited an example. When doing neutrino research in Jiangmen, the Institute of high energy physics needed 20 ridge badger Ling to meet the requirements of the world's highest detection efficiency. In the past, he produced small photomultiplier tubes, but the technology was later monopolized by Hamamatsu of Japan. Under their promotion, they cooperated with China Ordnance North night vision company. After six years of development, the technology of domestic photomultiplier tubes finally met the requirements and achieved mass production. This kind of high-speed optoelectronic devices are widely used in national defense, industry, medical treatment and scientific research. Through this process, China's optoelectronic device technology has suddenly reached the forefront of the world.

2012年，震惊全球物理界的消息——在大亚湾反应堆的中微子实验中，王一芳领导的团队发现了一种新的中微子振荡模式。

In 2012, the news that shocked the global physics community - in the neutrino experiment of Daya Bay reactor, the team led by Wang Yifang found a new neutrino oscillation mode.

《科学》杂志将这一发现列为当年世界十大科学突破之一，并称"中国的粒子物理学时代已经到来"。王一方也在第一次世界大战中成名，成为第一位获得"基础物理学突破奖"的中国科学家。

Science magazine listed this discovery as one of the top ten scientific breakthroughs in the world that year and said that "the era of particle physics in China has come". Wang Yifang also became famous in the first World War and became the first Chinese scientist to win the "breakthrough award in basic physics".

但真正让王一方公之于众的是2016年他与杨振宁教授关于"中国是否适合建造超大型对撞机"的争论。此后，环形电子-正电子对撞机（cepc）成为公众关注的话题。

But what really brought Wang Yifang to the public was the dispute between him and Professor Yang Zhenning on "whether China is suitable for building super large colliders" in 2016. After that, cepc (annular electron positron collider) came into public view and became a public topic.

争论和反对一直是科学家必须面对的现实。王一方的导师、诺贝尔物理学奖获得者丁肇中曾说，他一生中遇到了太多的反对意见，"但我从未失去信心，仍然做我应该做的事。我不会因为这个人和那个人的反对而担心和无所事事。"

Controversy and opposition have always been the reality that scientists have to face. Ding Zhaozhong, Wang Yifang's mentor and Nobel Laureate in physics, once said that he has encountered too many objections in his life, "but I have never lost confidence and still do what I should do. I can't worry and have nothing to do because of the opposition of this person and that person."

王一芳说："对我来说，核心问题是你是否做了你认为正确的事情。如果是这样，你应该坚持下去。"。他看到的是中国在一个极其重要的科学领域领先世界的可能性。作为一名科学家，他有责任认识并推动这一方向。

"For me, the core question is whether you have done something you think is right. If so, you should stick to it," said Wang Yifang. What he sees is the possibility of China leading the world in an extremely important scientific field. It is his responsibility as a scientist to recognize the direction and promote it.

科学狂人

Science maniac

在同事们眼中，王一芳是一个极度追求完美的"科学疯子"。

In the eyes of colleagues, Wang Yifang is a "science madman" who pursues perfection extremely.

王义芳，1963年出生于江苏南京，在"文化大革命"期间长大。在那个学习工作和农业的时代，他回忆起年轻时，他和同学一起去工厂实习，住在农村，在农民家工作，"这真的增加了很多了解社会的经验。"

Wang Yifang, born in 1963 in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, grew up during the "Cultural Revolution". In that era of learning to work and agriculture, he recalled that when he was young, he went to factory internships with his classmates, lived in the countryside and worked in farmers' homes, "it really increased a lot of experience in understanding the society."

学习对王一芳来说从来都不难。他一恢复高考，就选择了南京大学物理系，原因很简单——在数学和化学学科中，他不喜欢背诵生物化学，数学太抽象。物理学相对来说比较容易。如果原理清楚，你可以不用背诵就可以推断

Learning is never difficult for Wang Yifang. As soon as he resumed the college entrance examination, he chose the Physics Department of Nanjing University for a simple reason - in the discipline of mathematics and chemistry, he didn't like to recite biochemistry, and mathematics was too abstract. "Physics is relatively easy. If the principle is clear, you can deduce without reciting."

许多年后，回顾他当时的选择，他认为自己并不太有远见。"第一步没有错，所以他沿着这条路走。"大学期间，除了上课，他还呆在图书馆里，读了很多历史、艺术、小说、哲学和社会学书籍。

Many years later, looking back on his choice at that time, he thought he was not too forward-looking. "The first step was not wrong, so he walked down this road." during the University, in addition to classes, he stayed in the library and read a lot of history, art, novels, philosophy and sociology books.

许多接触过王一方的人都会对他渊博的知识留下深刻的印象。直到现在，他仍然保持着广泛而繁杂的阅读习惯，"阅读历史和人文学科非常重要，你对很多事情的理解会更加理性。从历史的角度来看，看到物理学的整个发展过程是很有趣的。人文学科的积累非常有助于你理解和预测未来的变化，有助于你选择项目、选择合作者或与合作者沟通。"

Many people who come into contact with Wang Yifang will be deeply impressed by his extensive knowledge. Until now, he still maintains a wide and miscellaneous reading habit, "It's very important to read history and humanities, and your understanding of many things will be more rational. From a historical perspective, it's interesting to see the whole development process of physics. The accumulation of humanities is very helpful for you to understand and predict future changes, and for you to choose projects, choose collaborators, or communicate with collaborators."

20世纪80年代，丁肇中向教育部提议，选择中国的年轻人才加入他在瑞士日内瓦的L3实验室。对于王一芳这一代中国学生来说，丁肇中就像一个神。当系里推荐他参加考试时，他太急了，连准备的时间都没有。他还记得，丁肇中的考题都是书中没有讨论的内容，需要用物理原理推导出来。当时，我并不认为这太难。最后，我终于通过了考试，这成了一种意想不到的快乐。

In the 1980s, Ding Zhaozhong proposed to the Ministry of education to select young talents in China to join his L3 laboratory in Geneva, Switzerland. For Wang Yifang's generation of Chinese students, Ding Zhaozhong is like a God. When the Department recommended him for the exam, he was in such a hurry that he didn't even have time to prepare. He still remembered that Ding Zhaozhong's examination questions were all contents that would not be discussed in the book, which needed to be deduced by physical principles. At that time, I didn't think it was too difficult. Finally, I was able to pass the exam, which became an unexpected joy.

当她来到世界物理学家的"圣地"欧洲核研究中心时，王一芳迅速展示了她的才华。

When she came to the European Nuclear Research Center, the "holy land" of physicists in the world, Wang Yifang quickly showed her talent.

合作小组有400多名研究人员。每个人都争抢话题，写文章。第一年，共发表了21篇论文。仅王一方就有三篇文章。善于培养中国年轻人的丁肇中很快就看上了这个年轻人，并把他提升为唯一的学生领袖。

There are more than 400 researchers in the cooperation group. Everyone scrambled for topics and wrote articles. In the first year, a total of 21 papers were published. Wang Yifang alone accounted for three articles. Ding Zhaozhong, who is good at training Chinese young people, quickly took a fancy to this young man and promoted him as the only student leader.

在佛罗伦萨大学攻读博士学位时，他不懂意大利语，很难参加小组讨论。两三年后，他能够用意大利语讨论棘手的专业问题，并用意大利语完成博士论文。

During his doctoral study at the University of Florence, he did not understand Italian and it was difficult for him to participate in group discussions. Two or three years later, he was able to discuss difficult professional issues in Italian and complete his doctoral thesis in Italian.

"我可能比其他人更努力"，王一芳淡化了国外的学习和生活。但事实上，天才背后有着难以想象的努力。他必须每天工作12小时，甚至更长。偶尔，他可以在周末休息半天。他去博物馆了解这个国家的文化和历史。

"I probably work harder than others", Wang Yifang downplayed the study and life abroad. But in fact, there are unimaginable efforts behind genius. He has to work 12 hours a day, or even longer. Occasionally, he can rest for half a day on weekends. He goes to museums to learn about the culture and history of the country.

从1985年到1995年的十年间，他跟随丁肇中从研究生到博士后。在实验室的后期，丁肇中成为最具争议的AMS实验的主要设计者。在那些年里，他没有时间考虑欧洲宁静的田园风光。相反，他将自己埋葬在实验室里，与来自世界各地的顶尖科学研究人员一起，在人与空间之间进行对话。

In the ten years from 1985 to 1995, he followed Ding Zhaozhong from graduate to postdoctoral. In the later stage of the laboratory, Ding Zhaozhong became the main designer in the most controversial AMS experiment. In those years, he had no time to take into account the quiet pastoral scenery of Europe. Instead, he buried himself in the laboratory with top scientific researchers from all over the world to have a dialogue between man and space.

在决定离开丁肇中的实验室时，王一芳想为自己找到更多的可能性。1996年，他进入斯坦福大学物理系担任助理研究员。2001年，他选择回家。在中国做中微子振荡实验成为他当时最大的愿望。

When deciding to leave Ding Zhaozhong's laboratory, Wang Yifang wanted to find more possibilities for herself. In 1996, he entered the Physics Department of Stanford University as an assistant researcher. In 2001, he chose to return home. Doing neutrino oscillation experiments in China became his greatest wish at that time.

基础科学是现代社会发展的动力

Basic science is the driving force of the development of modern society

缺乏资金、压力、风险和争议是王一方作为项目负责人经常面临的问题，但他总是坚持不懈，不妥协地度过一个又一个困难。

Lack of money, pressure, risks and disputes are the problems that Wang Yifang often faces as a project leader, but he always perseveres and does not compromise to get through one difficulty after another.

大亚湾反应堆的中微子实验曾有失败的危险。在这个中美合作项目上，他拒绝采纳美国提供的方案，因为"敏感性比中国方案差20%"。许多人建议他用美国的。他反驳说，如果美国的计划被采纳，该国的投资将不会获得足够的回报。即使做不到，也不能妥协和放弃。

The neutrino experiment of Daya Bay Reactor once risked failure. On this Sino US cooperation project, he refused to adopt the scheme provided by the United States because "the sensitivity is 20% worse than the Chinese scheme". Many people advised him to use American ones. He retorted that if the US plan is adopted, the country's investment will not get enough return. Even if it can't be done, it can't compromise and give up.

在巨大的压力下，他终于以实验的成功证明，中国的中微子研究走在世界前列。

Carrying great pressure, he finally proved with the success of experiments that China's neutrino research is in the forefront of the world.

大多数时候，他不能告诉公众方程的用途，但他会用一些例子来推广基础科学的实际意义——没有热力学、牛顿力学和其他科学作为基础，就谈不上这两次工业革命；现代医院临床MRI设备中使用的超导磁体是美国最大加速器Tevatron带来的超导磁体技术的突破和普及；万维网也是在高能物理研究过程中产生的。

Most of the time, he can't tell the public what the use of an equation is, but he will use some examples to popularize the practical significance of basic science - without thermodynamics, Newtonian mechanics and other sciences as the basis, the two industrial revolutions can't be talked about; The superconducting magnet used in clinical MRI equipment in modern hospitals is due to the breakthrough and popularization of superconducting magnet technology brought by Tevatron, the largest accelerator in the United States; The world wide web is also produced in the process of high-energy physics research.

"如果你不关心基础科学，不知道为什么，你就会落后。基础科学研究是现代社会发展的动力。"他坦言，因为基础科学研究追求"世界第一"，它也将提高中国产业的创新和研发能力。"科学家和工程师之间的合作是提高我们创新能力的极好途径。"

"If you don't care about basic science and don't know why, you will fall behind. Basic science research is the driving force for the development of modern society." he frankly said that because basic science research has the pursuit of "the first in the world", it will also improve the innovation and R & D ability of Chinese industry. "The cooperation between scientists and engineers is an excellent way to improve our innovation ability."

在谈到科学史时，王义芳说，早在古希腊时期，西方就通过逻辑推理形成了一整套科学体系。然而，中国哲学强调"天人合一"，这使得中国人自古以来对自身的关注超过了对外部自然世界的关注。

When talking about the history of science, Wang Yifang said that as early as the ancient Greek period, the west developed a complete set of scientific systems through logical reasoning. However, Chinese philosophy emphasizes the "unity of heaven and man", which makes Chinese people pay more attention to themselves than the external natural world since ancient times.

他认为，从历史的角度来看，中国遭受了太多的苦难，因为它不重视基础科学。"从2000年到现在，中国的基础科学从未领先。中国有四大发明，知道如何制造火药，但不知道其背后的化学规律，也没有形成相应的科学体系。"

He believes that from a historical point of view, China has suffered too much because it does not pay attention to basic science. "From 2000 to now, China's basic science has never been ahead. China has four major inventions and knows how to make gunpowder, but it does not know the chemical law behind it, and has not developed a corresponding scientific system."

鸦片战争失败后，中国开始向西方学习，但只买了枪，没有引进西方的科学体系。最后，中日战争失败了。明治维新期间，日本引进了西方科学，并比中国早几十年建立了科学体系。

After the failure of the Opium War, China began to learn from the west, but only bought guns and did not introduce the western scientific system. Finally, the Sino Japanese war failed. During the Meiji Restoration, Japan introduced western science and established a scientific system decades earlier than China.

今天,他还需要普及基础科学的重要性,呼吁社会更加重视基础科学建设。

Today, he still needs to popularize the importance of basic science and call on the society to pay more attention to the construction of basic science.

"在过去的20年里，我国对基础科学研究的投资从未改变。"他拿出一份数据。中国研发支出占GDP的2.4%，基本达到中等发达国家水平，但基础研究支出仅占研发支出的6%，与发达国家15%-20%的数据相比差距较大，"我们对基础研究的总资助仅为美国的1/5。国家应该有一个计划，把我们对基础科学研究的投资提高到15%。"

"In the past 20 years, our country's investment in basic science research has never changed." he took out a data. China's R & D expenditure is 2.4% of GDP, basically reaching the level of moderately developed countries, but basic research expenditure accounts for only 6% of R & D expenditure, which is a big gap compared with the data of 15% - 20% of developed countries, "Our total funding for basic research is only 1 / 5 of that of the United States. The state should have a plan to increase our investment in basic scientific research to 15%."

"上海天文馆的建设耗资3亿美元，但中国甚至没有超过3米的天文望远镜。"他横向比较了各国的基础研究资金，发现在发达国家，很多企业都在资助基础研究。韩国企业在基础研究投资方面发挥着主导作用，使许多韩国产业走在世界前列。在日本，企业对基础科学的投资也使日本拥有许多世界级的技术。"自2000年以来，日本基本上每年都获得诺贝尔奖。原因之一是它与高端仪器的制造和使用密不可分。"

"The construction of Shanghai planetarium costs 300 million, but China doesn't even have an astronomical telescope more than 3 meters." he horizontally compared the basic research funds of various countries and found that in developed countries, many enterprises are funding basic research. Korean enterprises play a leading role in the investment in basic research, making many Korean industries ahead of the world. In Japan, the investment of enterprises in basic science also makes Japan have many world-class technologies. "Since 2000, Japan has basically won a Nobel prize every year. One of the reasons is that it is inseparable from the manufacturing and use of high-end instruments."

他呼吁中国企业支持基础研究，弥补政府的支持不足，甚至建立一个以美国为基础的基础研究的私人基金会。"美国企业的超强竞争力与它们一贯重视基础研究，特别是该领域的前沿基础研究密不可分。"

He called on Chinese enterprises to support basic research, make up for the lack of government support, and even set up a private foundation focusing on basic scientific research like the United States. "The super competitiveness of American enterprises is inseparable from their consistent emphasis on basic research, especially cutting-edge basic research in the field."

2019年，当王一芳获得"未来科学奖"材料科学奖时，他说，"我从事的中微子研究和粒子物理研究都是'无用'的科学。我们需要纯粹的好奇心来为纯粹的科学做出更大的贡献。中微子研究和大型环形对撞机就是为了这个目的。我们需要具有如此重大科学意义的大型科学设备。"

In 2019, when Wang Yifang won the "future science award" Material Science Award, he said, "The neutrino research and particle physics research I am engaged in are 'useless' science. We need pure curiosity to make greater contributions to pure science. Neutrino research and large ring collider are for this purpose. We need large scientific devices with such great scientific significance."

直到现在，他仍然在他认为是肯定的道路上。

Until now, he is still on the road he believes is certain.

[王一方专访]我们这一代人还没有获得诺贝尔奖，下一代肯定会获得

[exclusive interview with Wang Yifang] our generation has not won the Nobel Prize, and the next generation will certainly have it

第一财经：你说你走上物理研究之路是因为惯性，还有机会和机遇。在科学家的成长过程中，你是如何设定目标的？你动摇了吗？

First finance and Economics: you said that you embarked on the road of physics research is due to inertia, as well as chance and opportunity. How did you set your goals in the process of growing up as a scientist? Did you waver?

王一芳：一开始我喜欢物理。我在第一步没有犯错误。如果我选择了一个我不喜欢的专业，并尽力去改变它，那将是非常痛苦的。

Wang Yifang: I liked physics at the beginning. I made no mistake in the first step. If I choose a major I don't like and try my best to change it, it will be very painful.

当我们还是研究生的时候，也有人讨论是学计算机，IT公司的工资会比我们高10倍，还是做金融，工资会更高。我没有听说过各种各样的诱惑，但我不是很感兴趣。总的来说，我在这条路上走得比较顺利。

When we were graduate students, some people also discussed whether to learn computers, the salary of IT companies would be 10 times higher than ours, or whether to do finance, and the salary would be higher. I haven't heard of all kinds of temptations, but I'm not very interested. On the whole, I walked down this road relatively smoothly.

第一财经：你和丁肇中先生一起学习了十年，参加了他的AMS实验。当时，这个实验遭到强烈反对。但丁先生相信物理学的进步是通过推翻前人所知道的东西而发展起来的。他曾经说过，当做实验物理时，你不能考虑别人的观点，不要这么做，因为绝大多数人反对它。他对你有什么影响？

First finance and Economics: you studied with Mr. Ding Zhaozhong for ten years and participated in his AMS experiment. At that time, this experiment was strongly opposed. Mr. Dante believed that the progress of physics was developed by overthrowing what was known by predecessors. He once said that when doing experimental physics, you can't consider other people's views and don't do it because the vast majority of people oppose it. How did he affect you?

王一芳：我觉得他对课题的选择、项目的最终推广和实施、研究团队的组建都有很大的影响。

Wang Yifang: I think he has a great influence on the selection of research topics, the final promotion and implementation of the project, and how to organize a research team.

他一直强调，必须选择能够留在历史上的好的、有意义的话题。这对于我们提高自己的地位、品味和视野非常重要。

He has always stressed the need to choose good and meaningful topics that can remain in history. This is very important for us to improve our position, taste and vision.

更通俗地说，如果你选择做一个困难和创新的项目，你可能得不到所有人的支持，也没有钱。你是跟着钱去做一个相对平庸、不那么重要的项目，还是让钱跟着你？我们总是说我们应该尽一切可能让钱跟着你。

To put it more popularly, if you choose to do a difficult and innovative project, you may not get everyone's support and have no money. Do you follow the money to do a relatively mediocre and less important project, or do you let the money follow you? We always say that we should do everything possible to let the money follow you.

第一财经：如何向公众解释你现在所做的研究？

First finance: how to explain to the public the research you are doing now?

王一芳：首先，我们一直在制造加速器和探测器。关键点是我们想要制造什么样的机器，性能是什么，以及如何优化其各个方面的指标，这需要落实到每个特定设备的设计中。这将需要三到四年的时间，而且规模很大。

Wang Yifang: first, we have been making accelerators and detectors. The key point is what kind of machine we want to build, what the performance is, and how to optimize its indicators in all aspects, which need to be implemented into the design of each specific equipment. It will take about three or four years, and it is on a large scale.

其次，我们已经开始了一些核心关键部件的技术预研究。这个设计是在纸上的。我不知道是否能做到。只有这样，我才能知道困难在哪里，指数的极限在哪里。只有这样，我才能优化设计，调整指标，改进工艺和技术。这个工作也有七八年的时间。

Second, we have started the technical pre research of some core key components. The design is on paper. I don't know if it can be done. Only when I do it can I know where the difficulties are and where the limit of the index is. Only then can I optimize the design, adjust the index and improve the process and technology. This job also has seven or eight years.

任何新的大型设备都需要理论和技术创新。探索创新的边界是一个漫长的过程。据估计，要把所有的技术做好需要五年以上的时间。

Any new large-scale device needs theoretical and technological innovation. It is a long process to explore the boundary of innovation. It is estimated that it will take more than five years to do all the technology well.

在这一进程中，我们取得了许多非常重要的成果。一些重要的技术研发成果可直接用于一些大型国产设备。

In this process, we have made many very important gains. Some important technology R & D achievements can be directly used in some large domestic devices.

我们开发的技术不会被浪费，因为我们瞄准的是世界上最先进的技术，相关的设备指标也是世界上最先进的。因此，我一直说，基础科学研究必须有一个很高的目标，你们的研究将起带头作用。如果你的科学目标低，你的技术目标和创新就不会那么高。如果科学不领先，技术就永远不会领先。

The technology we develop will not be wasted, because we aim at the most advanced technology in the world, and the relevant equipment indicators are the most advanced in the world. Therefore, I have always said that basic scientific research must have a high goal, and your research will take the lead. If your scientific goal is low, your technical goal and innovation will not be so high. If science does not lead, technology will never lead.

王一芳：我们很高兴。我们做出了正确的选择，这几乎是唯一的选择。如果欧洲有另一条路，它将不会追随我们。基于我们最初提出的未来发展方向，经过五年的讨论，得到了欧洲学术界的认可。

Wang Yifang: we are very pleased. We have made a correct choice, and it is almost the only choice. If Europe has another way, it will not follow us. Based on the future development direction, which we first put forward, was recognized by the European academic community after five years of discussion.

欧洲计划在2028年开始建设，这对我们来说无疑是一个压力。如果我们不能赶上，我们最终只能参与欧洲项目。世界上不可能制造出两台完全相同的对撞机。

The European plan is to start construction in 2028, which is certainly under pressure for us. If we can't catch up with that, we can only participate in the European project in the end. It's impossible to make two identical colliders in the world.

我们现在的目标是自己去做。还有八年。压力更多的是如何实施我们自己的计划，以及如何解决具体工作和设计中的关键技术问题。一旦这些问题得到解决，我们就不用担心了。如果技术先进，我们可以参与欧洲项目。

Our goal now is to do it ourselves. There are still eight years left. The pressure is more about how to implement our own plan and how to solve key technical problems in specific work and design. Once these problems can be solved, we don't have much worry. If the technology is advanced, we can participate in European projects.

第一财经：如果一个年轻人想成为一名科学家，你认为他需要什么素质？

First finance: if a young man wants to become a scientist, what qualities do you think he needs?

王一芳：你无法判断一个年轻人是否能从一个特定的人身上做出巨大的贡献。机会、环境、自身条件等因素很多。

Wang Yifang: you can't judge whether a young person can make a great contribution from a specific person. There are many factors, such as opportunities, environment and their own conditions.

成为科学家需要一定的才能。从早期的观点来看，他应该有主动性，在他眼中有工作，知道该做什么，而不是做导师让他做的事情。他有积极寻找问题、解决问题和克服困难的能力。他应该对自己每个阶段的能力和未来做出判断。最重要的是他必须热爱科学，热爱科学。即使资历稍差，如果你能坚持下去而不受外界诱惑，你也会取得好成绩。

It takes a certain talent to become a scientist. From an early point of view, he should have initiative, have work in his eyes and know what to do, rather than doing what his mentor asked him to do. He has the ability to actively look for problems, solve problems and overcome difficulties. He should have judgment on the ability and future of each stage of himself. The most important thing is that he must love science and love it. Even if the qualification is slightly poor, you will make good achievements if you can stick to it without being tempted by the outside world.

第一财经：你总是说中国的高能物理人才储备远远不够。我希望培养更多的人才。你认为下一代的机会是什么？他们必须抵制进行科学研究的诱惑吗？

First finance and Economics: you always said that China's reserve of high-energy physics talents is far from enough. I hope to train more talents. What do you think of the opportunities for the next generation? Do they have to resist the temptation to do scientific research?

王一芳：人才就像资本。这永远都不够。就像航空航天工业一样，我们在吸引和培养人才之前也有项目。如果一个项目准备十年，一代人就可以接受培训。

Wang Yifang: talent is just like capital. It will never be enough. Just like the aerospace industry, we also have projects before we can attract and cultivate talents. If a project is prepared for ten years, a generation can be trained.

在资格、能力、知识基础和未来发展等方面，下一代肯定会超越我们。

The following generation will certainly surpass us in terms of qualification, ability, knowledge foundation and future development.

事实上，当我们年轻的时候，我们也有很多诱惑，这可能比现在更多。我相信一代人比另一代人更强大。我们这一代没有人获得过诺贝尔奖，下一代也将获得。目前，还没有看到这些年轻人的能力。当他们达到我的年龄时，他们将取得成就并脱颖而出。

In fact, when we were young, we also had many temptations, which may be more than now. I believe that one generation is stronger than another. No one in our generation has won the Nobel Prize, and the next generation will have it. At present, the ability of these young people has not been seen. When they reach my age, they will have achievements and will emerge.

Link：https://new.qq.com/omn/20211001/20211001A03L4H00.html

update time：2021-10-01 10:21:10