Coal legion, Huawei's desire for survival

这些2B和2G产业不仅要遵循与2c完全不同的商业运作逻辑，还要接受中国工业市场新技术的认知差异、交易特征和竞争关系。华为的《财富》业务运营商通信业务为其软件包在传统行业中找到突破提供了很大帮助，业务模式具有一定的延续性。

These 2B & 2G industries should not only abide by the commercial operation logic completely different from 2c, but also accept the cognitive differences, transaction characteristics and competitive relationship of new technologies in China's industrial market. Huawei's fortune business - Operator communication business has provided great help for their software packages to find a breakthrough in traditional industries, and has a certain continuity in their business model.

就像这样一场"将红蒙操作系统首次投入矿井"的新闻发布会一样，当红蒙之父王成禄描述系统的特点时，我们只能将其与华为线下门店巨大的"红蒙"标识联系起来。事实上，当它第一时间进入煤矿行业时，就意味着它不再是主角；

Just like such a press conference to "put the Hongmeng operating system into the mine for the first time", we can only connect it with the huge "Hongmeng" logo in Huawei's offline stores when Wang Chenglu, the father of Hongmeng, describes the characteristics of the system. In fact, when it enters the coal mining industry at the first moment, it means that it is no longer the protagonist;

但在数百米深的矿井中，有数百吨的煤矿支架、矿车和微型辅助工具等检测设备。

But hundreds of meters deep in the pit, hundreds of tons of coal mine supports, mine cars and micro auxiliary tools for inspection equipment.

煤矿，华为的赌注不亚于汽车

Coal mine, Huawei's bet is no less than that of automobile

2020年12月，任正非前往煤矿调查智能煤矿的消息让能源媒体捕捉到这样一个信号，即华为从海外运营商那里丢失的业务收入可能能够从煤矿、钢铁和其他行业获得供应。

In December 2020, the news that Ren Zhengfei went to the coal mine and investigated the intelligent mine made the energy media capture such a signal that Huawei's missing business income from overseas operators may be able to obtain supplies from coal mines, steel and other industries.

同月，华为前运营商BG总裁邹志雷被任命为"华为煤炭集团"董事长。直到2021年2月，华为新生社区正式宣布成立"华为煤炭兵团"。它在华为内部受到高度重视，并在业务架构方面获得认证

In the same month, Zou Zhilei, President of BG, the former operator of Huawei, was appointed chairman of the "Huawei coal corps". Until February 2021, Huawei Xinsheng community officially announced the establishment of the "Huawei coal corps". It is highly valued within Huawei and is certified in terms of business architecture

它与运营商BG、企业BG和消费者BG属于同一级别。

It belongs to the same level as operator BG, enterprise BG and consumer BG.

从2020年12月到2021年4月，华为在短短四个月内完成了人员编制和实验室挂牌。然而，根据今年8月的一份媒体报道，现有的200名煤炭兵团成员将试图为全国数千个煤矿制定数字化改造方案。

From December 2020 to April 2021, Huawei has completed personnel establishment and laboratory listing in just four months. However, according to a media report in August this year, the existing 200 people of the coal Corps will try to make a digital transformation scheme for thousands of coal mines across the country.

"我们煤炭集团的每个人都要学习煤矿课程和参加考试。我自己也带领一个团队到各大煤矿进行调查、参观和学习。我在陕西、陕西和内蒙古绕了一大圈，去了十几次煤矿。"邹志雷提到，在红蒙矿的新闻发布会上，专门设立了一所煤炭夜校，大家都要通过。

"Everyone in our coal group has to study coal mining courses and take exams. I myself also led a team to investigate, visit and study in major mines. I made a big circle in Shaanxi, Shaanxi and Inner Mongolia and went to the mine more than a dozen times." Zou Zhilei mentioned that a special coal night school had been set up in Hongmeng mine press conference, and everyone had to pass.

从任正非在矿山的讲话到"独立BG"的建立。华为对煤矿的"感觉"无疑是基于商业价值。

From Ren Zhengfei's speech in the mine to the establishment of "independent BG". Huawei's "feelings" for coal mines are undoubtedly based on commercial value.

首先，煤炭行业一直是一个"暴利"行业。特别是2021年，国内煤炭产能进入收缩期，"煤炭不够"的强烈信号引发价格持续飙升。

First of all, the coal industry has always been a "profiteering" industry. Especially in 2021, the domestic coal production capacity has entered a contraction period, and the strong signal of "coal is not enough" has triggered a continuous surge in prices.

例如，被誉为全球最大煤炭上市公司的"中国神华能源集团"（神东矿区属于神华）2020年年报显示，该集团年收入2332.63亿元，净利润高达391.7亿元。一位煤炭从业者告诉霍尔夫，一个年产100万吨的私营煤矿的利润可以达到数亿甚至10亿元。

For example, the 2020 annual report of "China Shenhua Energy Group" (Shendong mining area belongs to Shenhua), known as the world's largest coal listed company, shows that the annual revenue of the group is 233.263 billion yuan, while the net profit is as high as 39.17 billion yuan. A coal related practitioner told huolf that the profit of a private mine with an annual output of one million tons can reach hundreds of millions or even one billion yuan.

在"双碳"背景下，国内大、小煤矿或积极或被迫进入"自动转型"或"数字化转型"阶段。

In the context of "double carbon", domestic large and small coal mines are either actively or forced to enter the stage of "automatic transformation" or "digital transformation".

"对煤矿开采的一些关键环节进行自动化改造是非常必要的。许多小煤矿的自动化改造投资可达数千万甚至数亿元。"相关人士表示。

"It is very necessary to do automation transformation for some key links of coal mining. The investment in automation transformation of many small coal mines can reach tens of millions or even hundreds of millions of yuan." relevant sources said.

但是煤矿有点不同。

But coal mines are a little different.

根据行星研究所的数据，在中国，超过29亿吨的煤炭是在黑暗的地下世界开采的，也就是说，超过80%是地下矿井。

According to the data of the Planetary Institute, in China, more than 2.9 billion tons of coal are mined in the dark underground world, that is, more than 80% are underground mines.

早在2019年，在纪录片《超级煤矿》中，中国最大的煤矿区神东就向外界展示了其无人机巡查和视频远程监控等技术能力。这些功能可以通过5g网络+有线双覆盖有效地在地下发布。

As early as 2019, in the documentary super coal mine, Shendong, China's largest coal mine area, has demonstrated its technical capabilities including UAV patrol inspection and video remote monitoring to the outside world. These capabilities can be effectively released underground with 5g Network + wired dual coverage.

气体、气压、温度传感器、检测机器人、开关执行器等大小设备都需要一定的力来显示相互独立但动态约束的状态，施加这种力的操作系统可以是红蒙。

Large and small equipment including gas, air pressure, temperature sensor, inspection robot and switch actuator need a certain force to show a state of mutual independence but dynamic restraint, and the operating system applying this force can be Hongmeng.

"华为显然希望通过网络结构、设备连接和各种数据采集的统一，向更高层次进行更智能化的尝试。然而，地下采煤机和工业控制系统是煤炭行业设备的核心力量。

"Huawei obviously wants to make more intelligent attempts to the upper level through the unification of network structure, equipment connection and collection of various data. However, the underground coal digger and industrial control system are the core strength of equipment in the coal industry.

换句话说，他们现在连接的设备远远没有进入核心层。"

In other words, the equipment they are now connected to is far from entering the core layer. "

一位矿业信息工程师指出，上述5g和操作系统只是"视频监控"等推荐的辅助工具，此类特殊任务需要平滑无延迟的网络连接。

A mining information Engineer pointed out that the 5g and operating system mentioned above are only recommended auxiliary tools such as "video monitoring", and such special tasks need smooth and non delay network connection.

当然。目前,"光宏"发布后披露的可连接设备,多为巡逻车和部分传感器,以及液压支架和通讯控制器。地下矿山开挖和综采等关键采矿环节使用的大型挖掘机等核心设备似乎不包括在内。

you bet. At present, most of the connectable equipment disclosed by "Kuang Hong" after its release are patrol transport machines and some sensors, as well as hydraulic supports and communication controllers. The core equipment such as large excavators used in key mining links such as underground mine excavation and fully mechanized mining do not seem to be included.

事实上，除了华为，还有无数跨行业的技术公司在生产操作系统。他们喜欢用"安卓生态成长史"来比较在工业领域重建"下一代安卓"的可能性。毕竟，"生态"给了互联网技术公司无限的想象力去成为统治者。

In fact, in addition to Huawei, there have been countless cross industry technology companies making operating systems. They like to use the "growth history of Android ecology" to compare the possibility of rebuilding "the next Android" in the industrial field. After all, "ecology" has given Internet technology companies unlimited imagination to be rulers.

但就效果而言，"自动安卓"和"自动苹果操作系统"在当年的终结可以作为参考。

But in terms of effect, the ending of "auto Android" and "auto Apple OS" in those years can be used as a reference.

"本质上，这仍然是因为操作系统供应商没有足够的能力"强力干预"煤炭行业的核心业务。所有关键的煤炭综采设备，包括掘进机和液压支架，都有自己的工业控制平台。

"In essence, it is still because the operating system suppliers do not have enough ability to 'strongly intervene' in the core business of the coal industry. All key coal fully mechanized mining equipment, including roadheader and hydraulic support, have their own industrial control platform.

工业控制是每台设备的真正驱动力。"

Industrial control is the real driver of each equipment. "

煤炭行业真正需要什么？

What does the coal industry really need?

在某种程度上，无法达到的核心竞争力恰恰隐藏了最痛苦、最想改变煤炭行业现状的因素。这必须涉及到"一座矿山如何从无到有"的原始问题。华为对此其实非常清醒。

The unreachable core competence, to some extent, just hides the most painful and most want to change the current situation of the coal mining industry. This has to involve the original problem of "how a mine grows from nothing". Huawei is actually very sober about this.

"智能矿井怎么能无人驾驶？有这么多液压支架、这么多掘进机和各种传感器。我们知道这是非常非常困难的。我们以前为矿井分类了1000多个安全风险，但我们被说服不要一口吃掉脂肪，我们首先制作了100个与数据相关的风险。"邹志雷一直对煤炭行业表示敬意。

"How can intelligent mines be unmanned? There are so many hydraulic supports, so many roadheader machines, and all kinds of sensors. We know it is very, very difficult. We sorted out more than 1000 safety risks for mines before, but we were persuaded not to eat fat at one bite, and we made 100 data related ones first." Zou Zhilei has always expressed his respect for the coal industry.

尽管中国目前已探明的煤炭储量高达1400亿吨，但其含煤面积却超过了东北三省的总面积。但是，从确定煤矿储存区到开始开采，再到工人的人身安全和环境保护

Although the proven reserves of coal are up to 140 billion tons on China's territory today, the coal bearing area is larger than the total area of the three northeastern provinces. However, from determining the coal mine storage area, to the commencement of mining, and then to the personal safety and environmental protection of workers

合格煤矿诞生所需的整合信息必须来自地质学家、地理学家、机械专家、自动化专家、普通工人、投资者、环保技术公司和政府的集体贡献。

The information to be integrated for the birth of a qualified coal mine must come from the collective contributions of geologists, geographers, mechanical experts, automation experts, ordinary workers, investors, environmental protection technology companies and the government.

因为这个模型必须充分整合当地的地质数据、环境数据、水土压力、气温等意外数据，这是非常复杂的。因为有太多不确定的事情，判断"什么数据有用"是一个漫长的过程。目前，它确实是不成熟的。"

Because this model must fully integrate the local geological data, environmental data, water and soil pressure, air temperature and other unexpected data, which is extremely complex. Because there are too many uncertain things, judging 'what data is useful' is a long process. At present, it is really immature. "

如果你看过根据2010年智利科皮亚波真实矿难改编的2015年流行电影《地心救援》，一些细节就证明了这一点：在33名矿工被困地下三天后，政府找到了一位拥有数十年矿山规划和救援经验的工程师担任总指挥。

If you have seen the 2015 popular film "rescue in the center of the earth" adapted from the real mine disaster in Copiapo, Chile in 2010, some details prove this: after 33 miners were trapped underground for three days, the government found an engineer with decades of experience in mine planning and rescue as the commander-in-chief.

此外，在中国纪录片《超级煤矿》中，神东矿区作为国有企业，已成为我国最先进、装备最齐全的矿区之一。当时，无人机巡查、视频远程监控等技术能力向外界展示。

In addition, in the Chinese documentary super coal mine, Shendong mining area, as a state-owned enterprise, has become one of the most advanced and fully equipped mining areas in our country. At that time, technical capabilities such as UAV patrol inspection and video remote monitoring were demonstrated to the outside world.

然而，在"大柳塔矿区"，第二综采队队长董志超突然熄灯，地表继续下沉，几块巨石被压下，使得能够承载数千吨的支架不断下沉。最后，所有的矿工不得不在支架之间行走，因此生产只能停止。

However, in the "Daliuta mining area", Dong Zhichao, leader of the second fully mechanized mining team, suddenly extinguished the light, the upper ground continued to sink, and several boulders pressed down, making the support capable of bearing thousands of tons sink continuously. Finally, all the miners had to walk between the supports, so the production could only stop.

"除了地质环境，你不能保证工人的质量和他们的具体执行。"他以前遇到过这样一种现象，即工人无视地下瓦斯警报，在异常环境下正常工作。

"In addition to the geological environment, you can't guarantee the quality of workers and their specific execution." he had previously encountered the phenomenon that workers ignored the underground gas alarm and started work normally in case of abnormal environment.

"每个人都下井赚钱。许多人可能认为依靠多年的经验比机器判断更可靠，有时确实如此。"

"Everyone goes down the well to make money. Many people may think that relying on years of experience is more reliable than machine judgment, and sometimes it is."

换言之，人性、机械、环保和商业利益之间的持续矛盾和冲突是常态。理解人性有时比解决技术问题更重要。这种情况远远超出了煤炭开采行业。

In other words, the continuous contradictions and conflicts among human nature, machinery, environmental protection and commercial interests are the norm. Understanding human nature is sometimes more important than solving technical problems. This situation is far beyond the coal mining industry.

Link：https://new.qq.com/omn/20210930/20210930A028Q900.html

update time：2021-09-30 17:12:02